ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 281 



Cutaneous Gland of Chamois.* — Fr. Schick has studied the 

 glanduhir sacs (" Bruustfeigen '') behind the horns of the chamois 

 (Capella rupicapra). He finds that they are present on all individuals 

 of botli sexes. They consist wholly of sebaceous glands, whicli enlarge 

 at the rutting period. The succession of changes in the glands from 

 youth onwards is described. But everything shows that the structure 

 is a portion of skin thrown into folds and thickened by an abundant 

 development of sebaceous glands. 



Minute Structure of Oviduct of Hen.f — F. M. Surface gives a full 

 histological account of the various parts of the oviduct of the domestic 

 hen. Two muscular layers, an outer longitudinal and an inner circular 

 layer, can be distinguished throughout. The inner surface is thrown 

 into a number of primary longitudinal ridges. Over these the epithe- 

 lium forms secondary folds. In the uterus the ridges as such are lost, 

 and their place is taken by a number of leaf -like folds. 



Three types of glands are described. 1. Unicellular epithelial glands 

 occurring between the ciliated cells in all parts of the oviduct except the 

 anterior portion of the funnel. 2. Glandular grooves. These are 

 accumulations of gland-cells at the bottom of the grooves between the 

 secondary folds of the epithelium. These are found only in the funnel 

 region. But there they occur well towards the anterior end. The 

 presence of glandular structures in the funnel region has not hitherto 

 been recognized. 3. In all parts of the oviduct between the funnel and 

 the vagina there is a thick layer of glands beneath the epithelium. 

 These " tubular glands " consist of long convoluted and branched 

 tubules, opening to the lumen of the oviduct by short epithelial ducts. 

 They are homologous, structurally at least, with the glandular grooves 

 of the funnel. They reach their greatest development in the albumen- 

 secreting region. The unicellular epithelial glands appear the same 

 throughout, except in the vagina, where they are longer and narrower, 

 and have a slightly different arrangement from that in other parts. 



The walls of the tubular glands consist of large gland-cells, which in 

 the albumen portion and the isthmus of a laying hen have small, 

 irregularly shaped, dark-staining nuclei, which lie well towards the Ijasal 

 ends of the cells. In these two regions the protoplasm of the cells con- 

 sists of rather coarse granules, which vary greatly in size. 



The line of demarcation between the albumen region and the isthmus 

 is characterized by the absence of these tubular glands in that region. 

 The cells of the tubular glands in the albumen region and in the 

 isthmus present the same structural appearance. 



In the uterus the ceils which form the tubular glands present a 

 somewhat different appearance. The nuclei of these cells are large with 

 regular outlines, and are situated near the centre of the cells. The 

 protoplasm is very finely granular and is quite different from the 

 coarsely granular condition found in other parts of the oviduct. The 

 tubular glands are entirely absent from the vagina. Only the unicellular 

 epitheHal glands occur. 



Some suggestions are offered by the author as to the probable function 



* Zeitschr. wiss. ZooL, civ. (1913) pp. 359-87 (1 pi. and 12 figs.). 

 t Rep. Maine Agric. Station, 1912, pp. 895-430 (5 pis.). 



