ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 411 



R. A. Jeble * has described the brown rot-canker of the peach, as it 

 occurred recently in Niagara County, New York. It is caused by a 

 fungus, Sderotinia cinerea, which attacks the fruit, and the mycelium 

 spreads down through the fruit-spur and reaches the branch, where it 

 causes canker. It may also reach the limb at an earlier stage through a 

 diseased fruit-blossom. Several remedies are suggested and explained. 



Arthur H. Graves t gives an account of various diseases of trees 

 examined by him in the Southern Appalachians. On Finns strohus 

 occurred Coccomyces Pini, a member of the Phacidiacese. The diseased 

 parts of the branches had a reddish appearance. On the same pine he 

 identified Trametes Fini, which caused rotting at the heart and weaken- 

 ing of the mechanical support. 



A leaf -blight also of Finns strobus was found to be caused by Lopho- 

 dermium hmchysiwrum. The fungus is characterized by its smooth and 

 shining black fruiting bodies, elliptical in outline. The amount of 

 damage done by this fungus was considerable, especially on four- or 

 five-year old plantations. 



C. L. Shear and Anna K. Wood % have investigated the hfe-histories 

 and relationships of Glmosiwriimi and Colletotriclmm, found on the same 

 hosts and on different ones. The perfect forms from thirty-six hosts 

 have been secured and reduced to three species — Glomerella cingulata, 

 G. Gossypii, and G. Lindemuthianum. The first of these includes the 

 great mass of fruit- and leaf -inhabiting forms, including the apple 

 bitter-rot fungus. 



H. W. Wollenweber § has given a review of various wither-diseases 

 of plants, many of them due to species of Fusarium, especially in warmer 

 locahties. Only a few Monocotyledons are subject to wither-disease, but 

 many Dicotyledons are attacked. The fungus Vertidllium also gives 

 rise to withering. Wollenweber has reckoned about thirty different 

 plants which have suffered from withering caused by the one or the 

 other of these two parasites. He made a series of cultures himself, 

 and inoculated a number of plants to test the development of the fungus 

 and its effect on the host, both on the aerial and the subterranean 

 organs. An account is given of the experiments and of the results. 



Lichens. 

 (By A. LoRBAiN Smith, F.L.S.) 



Scales of Peltigera lepidophora.|l— On the thallus of this lichen 

 there occur small outgrowths, like miniature thalli, which were first 

 described by Bilter as autosymbiotic cephalodia. Linkolo has, however, 

 re-examined them, and he states that as the gonidia in these structures 

 are in genetic connection with the gonidia of the parent thallus, the 

 scales must be looked on as isidia rather than as cephalodia. 



* Phytopath., iii. (1913) pp. 105-10 (1 pi.), 

 t Phytopath., iii. (1913) pp 130-9 (10 figs.). 



X U.S. Dept. Agric. Bur. PI. Ind., Bull. 252 (1913) 110 pp. (18 pis.). See also 

 Phytopath., iii. (1913) pp. 140-1. 



§ Ber. Deutsch. Bot. GeselL, xxx. (1913) pp. 17-33. 



11 Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell., xxxi. (1913) pp. 52-4 (1 pi.). 



