504 SUMMARY OF CUliRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



New Flagellates.* — A. Scherffel describes two new Flagellates which 

 possess trichocjst-Iike growths. Monomastix belongs to the Poly- 

 blepharidese uniflagellat^e, and Pleuromastix to the Chrysomonade^e 

 with a lateral flagellum. Both are from the Tatra in Hungary. 



Cycloteilae and Swedish Nannoplankton.t — E. Nauuiann writes 

 on nannoplankton Cyclotell<» in the lakes of South Sweden, describing 

 them as an important factor in the biology of the nutrition of plankton. 

 He shows that they serve as food for certain Entomostraca, in the 

 intestines of which they were found. He argues, therefore, that samples 

 of plankton taken by nets in inland waters and ponds give a wrong idea 

 of the plankton life and economy, since the nannoplankton, which 

 attains a high development in smaller waters both in form and quantity, 

 is necessarily lost through the meshes of the net. 



Danish Plankton.}: — C. H. Ostenfeld publishes an important work 

 on the plankton collected in Danish seas between 1898 and 1901, in 

 which he treats of the vegetable organisms and the protozoa, the con- 

 ditions of life of the phytoplankton and its appearance and distribution 

 in the Danish seas. The material was collected by Petersen, who in 

 1903 published an account of Lis methods of capture, the localities 

 explored, etc. This work is quoted by Ostenfeld, as well as observa- 

 tions by previous authors on the subject. The influence of air and 

 hght on the phytoplankton is discussed, the transparency of the water, 

 salinity, temperature, the proportion of the gases dissolved in the water, 

 the nutritive substances of the plankton, particularly phosphorus and 

 nitrogen. The biology of the plankton is also treated of — the evolu- 

 tionary cycle, and reproduction in Diatoms, Peridiniese, etc. Sections 

 of the work deal with the adaptation of these organisms to a planktonic 

 life, such as lightness and resistance to periodicity, and to a life of 

 community. Finally there is a systematic catalogue of the species ob- 

 served, with descriptive and critical notes. 



Plankton from Spain. § — H. Bachmann reports on a collection of 

 plankton collected by Dr. Halbfass in the summer of 1912 from lakes 

 in the river basin of the Pera, north of the north-east corner of Portugal. 

 The quantity of plankton collected is not enough to give a characteristic 

 representation of the lakes in question, but the author considers it 

 important to note : 1. The almost complete absence of Ceratium hiru/i- 

 dinella. 2. The entire absence of the typical plankton diatoms. Aster io- 

 nella and Fragilaria. 3. The frequent occurrence of Desmidiaceae. 

 Three new species are described. 



Japanese Plankton. || — K. Okamura reports on the plankton col- 

 lected at the Bonito fishing grounds by T. Kitahara. Three of the 



* Arch. f. Protistenk., xxviii. (1912) pp. 94-128 (1 tab.). See also Nuov. 

 Notar., xxiv. (1913) pp. 99-100. 



t Bot. Notiser., 1912, pp. 257-81. 



X Kgl. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. ser. 7, ix. (1913) pp. 117-478 (pis. and 

 figs, in text). 



§ Ber. Deutsch. Bot. GeselL, xxxi. (1913) pp. 183-88 (figs.). 



11 Rep. Imp. Bureau Fisheries Japan, Sci. Invest., i. (1912) 4 pis. See also Bot. 

 Centralbl. cxxii. (1913) pp. 374-6. 



