588 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



due to P. ovis ; and canine piroplasmosis to P. canis and other species. 

 Piroplasmosis is conveyed to cattle by Boophilus and Ixodes ricinus, to 

 sheep by Rhipkephalus bursa, to dogs by R. sanguineus and Hsema- 

 phy sails leachi, and to horses by Dermacentor reticulatus. The author 

 discusses the behaviour of Piroplasma in ticks ; diseases due to NuttalUa ; 

 East Coast fever of cattle (due to Theileria parva^ conveyed by Rhipi- 

 cephalus appeiidiculatus and other species of tick ; " Piroplasma mutans " 

 Theiler, and other forms inadequately known ; and finally the question 

 of treatment and prevention. 



Experiments with Theileria parva and Ticks.* — G. H. F. Nuttall 

 and E. Hindle have experimented with Rhipicephalus appendicidatusy 

 the tick which transmits Theileria parva, the parasite of East Coast 

 fever. Infected ticks do not produce infection during the first two 

 days when feeding on cattle. They are still infective after feeding 

 upon a rabbit for three days. Heating infected ticks to 37° C. for 

 three days does not render them infective during the first two days 

 after they become attached to the host. The partial feeding of infected 

 ticks for two days, followed by starvation for seventeen days, renders 

 them non-infective. Inoculations of emulsions of infected ticks col- 

 lected from cattle on the fifth day of engorgement failed to produce 

 infection. Infective ticks are rendered non-infective by exposure to a 

 temperature of about 10° C. for three weeks. Their infectivity may be 

 restored by subsequently warming them. The authors are testing the 

 hypothesis that the final development of Theileria parva in the tick, 

 resulting in the latter becoming infective, only commences after the 

 tick has begun to ingest blood. 



Leishmania of the Dog.t — U. Gabbi gives an account of what 

 has been discovered in regard to the species of Leishmania, causing 

 Kala-azar in the dog and in man. He cannot accept the view that L. 

 canis and L. hominis are the same species. 



Multiplication of Haemogregarina roulei.J — Marie Phisalix de- 

 scribes cysts with macromerozoites and cysts with micromerozoites, 

 which occur throughout the organs of Lachesis alternaUis, a Brazilian 

 viper. The free or endoglobular forms of the Hgemogregarine are very 

 abundant in the blood. 



Leucocytozoon ziemanni.§ — J. Moldovan describes the young 

 schizonts and the division of the nucleus into two products, which differ 

 in size and structure. The larger portion retains the character of the 

 original nucleus ; it is loose in structure and poor in chromatin. The 

 smaller portion is very dense and no internal structure is to be seen. 

 The latter divides, and its products divide till over thirty small nuclei 

 are formed. 



♦ Parasitology, vi. (1913) pp. 321-32. 



t Centralbl. Bakt. Parasitenk., Ixix. (1913) pp. 504-16. 



X CR. Soc. Biol. Paris, Ixxv. (1913) pp. 194-6. 



§ Centralbl. Bakt. Parasitenk., Ixxi. (1913) pp. 66-9 (1 pl.). 



