8 CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON. 



Trustees, and a Research Associate have died within the fiscal 

 interval to which this report refers. 



Andrew Carnegie, man of affairs, idealist, and philanthropist, 

 was born at Dunfermline, Scotland, November 25, 1835, and 

 died at his summer home, Lenox, Massachusetts, August 11, 

 1919. The history of his singularly active, diversified, and 

 productive career is too well known in all its essentials to require 

 restatement or elaboration here. His hfe was peculiarly open 

 and transparent; and although some of his contemporaries have 

 seemed prone to discover necromantic as well as romantic 

 elements in his activities, few men have been so easy to under- 

 stand and few have preached and practiced the homeUer virtues 

 of humanity with greater simplicity and sincerity and with 

 greater personal and public advantage. His biography is, 

 indeed, already recorded in surpassing degree in his achievements 

 as a pioneer in American industries, in the remarkable legal 

 instruments establishing his world-wide philanthropies, and in 

 his pubhshed popular writings, wherein he has disclosed, with 

 the utmost frankness, the ideas and the ideals which have served 

 as guides to conduct in association with his fellow-men. It 

 appears appropriate here, therefore, to mention only some of 

 the less well-known facts concerning his relations to the Insti- 

 tution whose evolution he has watched with the liveliest interest 

 and with a degree of patience attained rather rarely even by 

 the founders and the best friends of such novel enterprises. 



To understand and to appreciate Mr. Carnegie's attitude 

 toward the Institution and his attitude in general toward the 

 organizations he has endowed, it is essential to recall the maxims 

 expressed in his deeds of trust to the altruistic organizations he 

 has founded and the sentiments expressed by him frequently 

 also in conversation concerning the administration of such es- 

 tabHshments. In his deed to the Board of Trustees of the 

 Institution, under date of January 28, 1902, there are, among 

 many others, the following significant paragraphs: 



"The Trustees shall have the fullest power and discretion in dealing with 

 the income of the Trust, and expending it in such manner as they think best 

 fitted to promote the objects set forth in the following clauses: 

 ******* 



"The specific objects named are considered most important in our day, 

 but the Trustees shall have full power, by a majority of two-thirds of their 



