ACTINOPODOrS HOLOTHUEIOIDEA. 79 



Remar'ks : — Coloring very cliaracteristic in fresh state. It is 

 violet-black on the dorsum and bright red on the ventram. 

 Pedicels and papilla? in a somewhat contracted state appear 

 black. In alcohol, the dorsum is violet- black, while the sides 

 and ventrum are light grey with a tinge of red in some parts. 



In fresh condition, the three specimens from Sokari measured 

 respectively : 



Length in cm. 27 25 23 



Cii'cnmference in cm. 12 8 8 



In alcohol the above specimens have contracted to 13, 12, 

 and 8.5 cm. in length respectively. A large preserved specimen 

 from Satsukawa measures 16 cm. 



Dorsal papillae are black, minute, less numerous than the 

 ventral pedicels. The latter appear as dark dots on the light 

 grey surface. On most specimens these are most numerous on 

 each side of the ventral median line, which, together witli a 

 lateral line on each side, has hardly a single pediccd. 



Polian vesicles 2 — 3, to the left of the dorsal mesentery. 

 Stone-canals minute and in a Inmdle of — 7 on each side of the 

 dorsal mesentery. 



Calcareous deposits are of tw^o kinds — tables and buttons. 

 Tables are of a peculiar shape. There is liardly any disk de- 

 veloped. The spire, which is tolerably iiigh and has one cross- 

 piece, ends in a crown which is larger than the other end. 

 Each of tlie four corners of tlie square crown has generally three 

 or more teeth, pointing as the three dimensions of space. Often five 

 pillars are present in the spire. Buttons are small. There are 

 some which approach regular buttons, Imt most of them are 

 simple lozenge- shaped pieces with four openings, of which two 

 are large and two are small. There arc many imperfect buttons. 



