6 B. Koto : 



outside world, a few lines may be proper to serve as an orientation 

 of the localities of my find. 



During my seven months' journey last winter through Man- 

 churia and Korea, I happened to pass over a water-shed (PI. I. 

 fig. 1) of the Siuigari and the Hiin-ho, the latter Ijeing a tribuar}- 

 of the well-known Lian-ho. I struck the road'^ leading southwest- 

 wards from the city of Kirin^^ to Mopan-shan^\ and then to the 

 intermontane plain of S]ian-chên(j-tzii^\ a fertile and populous flat 

 on one of the upper courses of the Sungari, drained by a large 

 tributary, the llui-fcv'\ Following the river course upstream in 

 Mat land and diviating from the high road (PI. II.) to Kai-ijuaif>, 

 I rude directly south to a very low and lonely snow-clad water- 

 .shed, and at the end of December last, came down to the source 

 of the Hiui-ho'\ which 1 followed downstream southwestwards as 

 far as Miihden. 



On the south of the above-mentioned granitic water-divide on 

 tlie low spur of a hih, called the Nien-yii-Ung^^ pass, is located 

 the noted ancient Gate of Yingc-mcii^^ in the long palisade, now 

 ruined, which runs through the heart of the Manchurian hinter- 

 land. It is 200 kilometers from Kinn, and 140 from Miikden. 



The " Yingc-mcn area " with all the surrounding districts is an 

 elevated granite peneplain of 490 ?»., flanked on the east by the 

 overlying volcanic mesa of common basalt 150 m. thick, and limited 

 on the west by hills of nepheline-hasalt (PI. I. ßg. 1) which poured out 

 probably at the junction of the microcline-granite and the Lower 



1) In Stielei's Hand-Atlas, No. 65, and Debcs' Hand- Atlas, No. 44, the region is very 

 imperfectly représente.!. The best maps ever published in Europe and accessible to general 

 readers are Karte von Ost-China, scale 1 : 1,000,000, Berlin, Sheet Mukden, and Paul Langhan's 

 Neuere Tageskarte von Ost-Asien, scale 1 : 5,000,000, Gotha. 



2) Properly speaking the name is Chi-lin, and the people call it Cliuang-chang. Kirin is 

 the anglicized name, just as Mukden stands for Fcng-tien. 



3) m^\u 1) iijj^iF 5) Ht ^) mm 7) mm 

 8) ¥mm '-)) %mn 



