Chapter 1. 



Bibliography and General Morphology. 



1. Bibliography. 



In reviewing our progress in knowledge of the animals which form the subject of this 

 monograph, I will only refer to the most important papers previous to 1884, because Delage 

 in his memoir on Sacculina (14) published in that year has not only given a very complete 

 bibliography but also a spirited critique of many of the authors cited. Moreover at the end 

 of each chapter in the body of this book, a special bibliography is given with reference to 

 each particular branch of our subject. 



I am pleased to think that the study of the Rhizocephala began in Naples in 1787, 

 when Cavolini (1) published his volume "Sulla generazione dei Pesci e dei Granchr'. Although 

 his view of the adult Sacculina as a morbid growth produced by the crab to surround a deposit 

 of the eggs of a parasite is only of historic interest, we may admire the fortune and merit 

 of the Neapolitan naturalist in recognizing the Crustaceous nature of the parasite through its 

 Nauplius larvae, and also in discovering the Cryptoniscus larva of a parasite of the Sacculina, 

 which he rightly referred to the Isopoda, under the name Oniscus squilliformis . His work was 

 ignored till 1854, and unsurpassed till 1862. 



The correct reference of Sacculina to the Cirripedes is due to J. V. Thompson (2) in 

 1836, but he did not greatly add to our knowledge of the group. 



In 1858 and 1862 Anderson (3 and 5) made the distinct advance of recognizing the 

 method of nourishment by an internal root system in both Peltogaster and Sacculina; and in 

 1861 Lilljeborg (4) made some anatomical observations of real merit, and discovered a degene- 

 rate Cypris male in Peltogaster fixed at the mantle opening, without however recognizing the 

 meaning or importance of his discovery. 



I pass to the papers of Fritz Muller (6 and 7) in 1862 and 1863 which constitute a 

 real advance, for besides elucidating the main features in the anatomy of the adult, he care- 



Zool. Station zu Neapel, Fauna und Flora, Golf von Neapel. Rhizocephala. 1 



