Absent if n>ni Sciiili \nuM-ica. i)reseiit elsfwhere : — 



<.ir{iiniiia campestris. lincalypta ciliata (rare in South 



Gruumia pulvinata. Africa). 



Torfula niralls. Encalypia •I'lthjaris ( rare in 



Sotitli Africa). 



.Vb.seiu fi-(>ni Australa.->ia. ])rc.Ncnt elsewhere: — 



fortcUa cacspitosit. . Inlifricliia ciirtipciidiila i vdvc in 



Lcucobryitin glanciim. South Africa). 



(B) NoRTiiEKX Tn i'l:, c.vtcndu}(i throuijli Africa to South 

 Africa. — The rehitionsliip of the majority of South African 

 mosses is distinctly of this Xorthern type, which, with certain 

 local limitations, occupies the whole of the Northern Hemisphere, 

 and extends scvuthward throughout Africa. Thus the relation- 

 ship of African s]>ecies with those of Eurojie. Asia, and North 

 America is greater than that between those of North and South 

 \merica. or between tho-c of the Northern continent■^ and .\us- 

 iralasia. 



Of the Northern type all the larger families and order- are 

 represented, some by identical species, most by more or less 

 closely related specie-. Tetraphidales and Huxbaumiales. 

 Meesiacea\ and Aulacomniacea- are absent; S]jlachnaceie and 

 Fontinalaccce are almost absent ; Bl'mda is absent, while it is well 

 represented 'both in the Northern and elsewhere in the Southern 

 Hemispheres; Dicraiiuiii and Uloia are very ])Oorly rt^presented, 

 \vhile Campylopus and I'issidens liave very many s])ecies each. 

 It would iui(lul>' lengthen this paper were I to name the genera 

 forming thi> welbknown Northern type, but the following arc 

 some of its >pecie.-> which 'jxtendeij Sotith : — 



Andrewa rupcstris. Pliiloiiotis finitaiia. 



Archidiuiii alteriiifolittni. Bryiim a!pi)iiiiiii ( />'. :c/7;//.v// ). 



roi/o)iatuiii aloides. Bryiiiii caiiariciisc. 



Scclania cccsia. Bryiiin liiclinatuin. 



Ocfobleplianiiii albidiiiit. Bryum imiralc. 



Conioiiiitriiim jiilianititi. Rhodobryinii roseiiiii. 



(.jririunia coiiiinutLita. Pteroyoniitin f/racilc. 



Gyrozveisia tenuis. Hcrpetineuron Toccinc. 



Pliascuni cuspidafuiii. Pleuropns scriccus. 



Barbula I'incalis. Lindbcr(/ia (as a genus ). 

 ( )rtholriclutiii uffiitc. 



Although all these except Liiidbcrifia occwr in Funvipe, ir 

 does not ai:)pear that distincii\ el\ Etiropean species are more 

 prevalent that those more widely distributed in the North; nor 

 is it the ca.se that specie^ belonging to the warmer part.- of the 

 Northern llenn'sphere ha\e -])read southward unaccompanied 

 by other- from the colder temi)erate regions, though these latter 

 often occupy aljnne or >til)al])ine positions. 



_ (,C,) Southern Tvl'e. — Intermixed throughout South 

 .\frica, and to a considerable extent through l^ropical -\fric.'i 



