402 S.A. I'.KMirilN TA. 



4. J^i'i I'ln 'I Ks <).\ Lixi.xc (IK l)i:\i) WOod, ok mn llr.Mts ok 



Stones : — 



Bracliymoinim pulchnDii I'oihila. 



Macromitniini, Barbnla. 



Pscitdolcskca. Madothcca. 



RJiafyliidostcgiiim, Fnillania, etc. 



B. USUALLN' SUCCESSIMX Sl'KtlliS. lORMIX*. (UMAX TN IM-., 



while conditions remain unaltered : — 



5- Ox Tree Stems, whether eivixc. or dead, ok nx 

 HuMi's coxxKCTFj) WITH Stumps: — 



i'atnf^ylopiis. Dosyiiiitriiiiii. Thii'diitm, 



Lciicoloiiia, Hedi^'icjia. Plcitropiis, 



Rartramia, Cryphcra. Rhaphidosfcifiiiin. 



Torfula. Forsstrociiiia. Ptxcholcjcnnca. 



Barbnla, Rcnaiildia. Madothcca. 



Rliicogonliiiii . Stcrcodon . fnillania, 



Mninm, Porotnchnm, Eu-lcjeunca. 



Brynm, Ncckcra, Metsgcrla, 



Schlotltciniia. Pr'ionodon. Phif/iocliila. v\c. 



Lcncobrynin. Radnla. 



(). ()x Tki:f. Stems or ox Stom-s. hk iiaxoin*. a> di 

 tached Air-plaxts: — 



Pilotrichclla, PapUlaria Alctzyeria, 



Acrobryopsis, Rracliynicnnini. etc. MacroHiltrium, 



7. r^suATJA' ox Stones ok AccrMri.ArEi) Hi'mt's: — 



Fissidcns. Hypoptcryyinin . Cyclodicfyon, 



Lcptodon. Ptycliouiitrinni. Hookcriopsis, 



Entodon. Trichostowttni, Pscndolcskca, 



RhacopUn m , Microtli a ni n in ni . Dim crodon t nini . 



Thnidinm, Ectropoilicciinn. Hcdti^'-iciidinin. etc. 



Poroihamninni, VcsicnJaria, 



FJoril'iindaria. Uookcria, 



5. Alpixe AssociATioxs. — While mosl of the Aljjinc 

 species are pioneers in the estal)lishniciit of plant communities 

 on practically bare rock, the exigencies of climate ( includinj^- a 

 daily thunderstorm during certain months, nightly mists or dews 

 almost throughout the year, greai intensity of light, extreme 

 rarification of the atmosphere which brings about complete 

 dessication within a few hours, and severe wind and winter 

 'concMtiions ) almost preclude ;the possibility of a ])er|maneni 

 phanerogamic ti(jra, and though SckufincUa nipcstris and sev- 

 eral small l)ulbs usually join the association, it must take a very 

 long time indeed to estal)lish even a grass-veld on a solid trap 

 or a l)urned sandstone rock; conse(|uently it often happens that 

 the pioneer Bryoi>hyta have come to stay, and eventuall_\- form 

 the final stage in plant-succession for that locality, as matterl 

 lithophytes. All the Bryophyta already mentioned as belong- 

 ino- 10 the Mountain T^eo'ions share in this tondencv, tbougb 



