BIBLIOGRAPHY-CHEMISTRY. 275 



and four months later, at the age of 75, Dr. BilHngs died in New York 

 City, on March 11, 1913. Obituary records of their Hves and hfe- 

 work will be found in the Index Medicus for December 1912 and 

 March 1913, respectively. 



In spite of every effort to limit the amount of material, the increase 

 in number of medical and scientific periodicals has been such that the 

 Index Medicus for 1912 contains 1,409 pages, an advance of 52 pages 

 over the issue for 1911. The annual index for 1912, however, con- 

 tains 224 pages, which is 4 pages less than that of 1911. This is 

 explained by the fact that the classification of the Annual Index for 

 1912 has been materially condensed by the omission of superfluous or 

 unimportant subtitles. 



During the year 1912-13, the subject "Metabohsm" has been 

 speciahzed under "Physiology," because, in connection with the 

 modern doctrine of internal secretions, the titles relating to this 

 subject are beginning to take on a more definite aspect, and the lit- 

 erature of both subjects is increasing in bulk. For reasons of a 

 similar character, the subject of "Mycoses" has been added, and 

 the diseases "beri beri" and "pellagra" have been grouped in the 

 class "Intoxications." 



CHEMISTRY. 



Acree,S.F., Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Grant No. 

 829, allotted December 13, 1912. Continuation of the study of cataly- 

 sis and tautomerism. (For previous reports see Year Books Nos. 

 4-11). $2,000 



During the last eight years (1905-1913) our studies on catalysis 

 and the mechanism of organic reactions have shown conclusively that 

 both the ions and the nonionized forms of acids, bases, and salts 

 must be tested for chemical activity in all their reactions. This 

 theory has not only been placed on a secure footing by our own 

 work, but has now been adopted by Arrhenius, Goldschmidt, Bre- 

 dig, and Stieghtz, and used in interpreting their data. During the 

 past year the writer has published articles describing the work 

 by his collaborators. Dr. H. C. Robertson jr.. Dr. E. K. Marshall, 

 jr.. Dr. Juha Peachy Harrison, Dr. C. N. Me3'ers, Dr. F. M. Rogers, 

 and Dr. Sidney Nirdlinger, on the reactions of alkyl hahdes wdth 

 sodium, potassium, and hthium ethylates, with sodium, potassium, 

 and lithium phenolates, and with sodium phenyl thiourazole, and 

 on the reversible addition of alcohols to nitriles in the presence of 

 sodium, potassium, and hthium ethylates. The effect of added 

 neutral salts on all these reactions has been especially investigated. 



In all these cases it has been found that both the ethylate or pheno- 

 late anion and the nonionized ethylates or phenolates react, and that 



