GEOLOGY. 357 



as formed, carrying with them the heat of liquefaction and their radio- 

 active content, and incidentally limiting the rise of the general internal 

 temperature. 



4. The second set of seismic waves that traverse the earth after each 

 great earthquake shock are commonly interpreted as transverse in 

 nature. If so they imply that the heart of the earth is composed of 

 elastico-rigid material. The incompatibility of such waves with any 

 continuous couche of liquid material favors the doctrine of solid accre- 

 tion, though perhaps it does not exclude alternative views. 



5. Michelson, Gale, and Moulton have shown by a combined experi- 

 mental and mathematical investigation that the body tides of the earth 

 coincide closely in phase with the tide-raising body. This leaves no 

 ground for reasonable doubt that the earth body is elastico-rigid in a 

 very high degree. These brilliant and decisive results are in accord 

 with the less complete and exact results of Rebeur-Paschwitz, Ehlert, 

 Kortazzi, Schweydar, Hecker, and Orloff. It is a close inference from 

 these results that the heart of the earth, as well as its outer parts, is 

 essentially a crystalline mass. 



These radical determinations and discoveries, arising from diverse 

 quarters, have a convergent force of a high order. They not only lend 

 support to the similar conclusions reached by the cosmogonic and 

 geologic studies to which this report relates, but they give force to the 

 conviction that a revision of the fundamentals of geology is imperative. 

 Moved by this conviction, a series of eight articles under the general 

 title of Diasirophism and the Formative Processes has been prepared and 

 published in The Journal of Geology, precedence being given to the 

 most familiar geologic processes. A considerable extension of the series 

 is contemplated. The following are the special titles of the individual 

 articles so far published: 



I. Introduction and statement of the basis of the tenets. 

 II. Shelf-seas and certain limitations of diastrophism. 



III. The lateral stresses within the continental protuberances and their 



relations to continental creep and sea-transgression. 



IV. Rejuvenation of the continents. 



V. The testimony of the d< ep-sea deposits. 

 VI. Foreset beds and slope deposits. 

 VII. Periodicity of Paleozoic orogenic movements (by Rollin T. Cham- 



berlin). 

 VIII. The quantitative element in circumcontinental growth. 



An article on "The planetesimal hypothesis" has been prepared for 

 Scientia; and a small work on "The origin of the earth" has been pre- 

 pared for the University of Chicago Science Series. Additional manu- 

 script has been prepared on "The secular climates of the earth." 



