PHILOLOGY. 389 



Taken together, these several essays form the prolegomenon to the 

 major work which has been pubUshed by the Carnegie Institution prior 

 to this special grant. These works may be cited as follows: 



The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration deduced from an Examination of the 

 Proto-Samoan Content of Efat6 and other Languages of Melanesia. (Publication 

 No. 134.) 



Beach-la-Mar: the Jargon or Trade Speech of the Western Pacific. (Pubhcation No. 154.) 



Easter Island: the Rapanui Speech and the Peophng of Southeast Polynesia. (Pubhca- 

 tion No. 174.) 



The Subanu : Studies of a Sub-Visayan Mountain Folk of Mindanao. (Publication No. 184.) 



In the "Polynesian Wanderings" the linguistic material was em- 

 ployed for the establishment of the migration of the Polynesian peoples 

 from Indonesia and into their present home in the central and eastern 

 Pacific, through the chain of islands stretching from New Guinea to 

 New Caledonia, which constitute a geographical province to which 

 has been assigned the designation Melanesia. In this work it was 

 established that two distinct streams of migration, widely sundered 

 in years, effected settlement upon Samoa and other islands of central 

 or as, for purposes of this inquiry, I have designated it. Nuclear, Pol}''- 

 nesia. To the older stream I have applied the distinctive name of 

 Proto-Samoan migration; to the later stream I have drawn from the 

 resources of Samoan histor}^ the designation Tongafiti migration. At 

 present we lack information as to the origin in Indonesia and as to the 

 various ports of call touched at by the Tongafiti people, and our account 

 of their migration begins with their appearance in Samoa as oppressors 

 of the people of their own race already seated there. 



The migration stream of the Proto-Samoans is led out with consider- 

 able precision by the study of the languages of Melanesia as retaining 

 inclusions or loan material taken from the Polynesians who have passed 

 along that course. We find it to consist of two streams preserving their 

 individual entity through this wide stretch of island-studded sea and 

 nowhere coming into contact until by devious channels they reach 

 Samoa. One of these, to which I have given the designation Samoa 

 Stream, appears to have issued from Indonesia along the northern 

 coast of New Guinea, eventually to have followed down the chain of 

 the Solomon Islands, and thence to have leaped the long stretch of 

 sea to Samoa. Between New Guinea and the Solomon Islands I was 

 led by material then available to postulate the transit of the Samoa 

 Stream through the Bismarck Archipelago and probably by the way 

 of St. George's Channel. Captain Georg Friederici has pointed out, 

 and supported brilliantly by later-won material, the possibility that an 

 exit was made thi'ough the Dampier-Vitiaz Straits between New Guinea 

 and the western end of the Bismarck Archipelago. This eminent 

 authority employed his material to deny the existence of the St. George's 

 Channel exit, but I am by no means convinced of the validity of this 

 conclusion, while at the same time quite wilhng to admit the possibility 



