154 CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON. 



The following papers were published during the year: 



GxTDGER, E. W. On spider-webs and spider-web fish-nets. Bull. New York Zool. Soc, 

 vol. XXI, pp. 1687-1690, 1918. 



. The myth of the ship-holder: Studies in Echeneis or Remora: I. Annals and 



Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, vol. ii pp. 271-307, 3 pis. with 9 figs, 1 text fig., 1918. 



Hatai, S. The brain-weight in relation to the body-length and also the partition of non- 

 protein nitrogen in the brain of the gray snapper (Neomoenis griseus). Proc. Nat. 

 Acad. Sci., vol. 4, pp. 19-21, January 1918. 



McClendon, J. F. Diurnal changes in the sea at Tortugas, Florida. Proc. Nat. Acad. 

 Sci., vol. 3, p. 692, Dec. 1917. 



. The effect of stretching upon the rate of conduction in the neuro-muscular net- 

 work in Cassiopea. Ibid., p. 703. 



. Effect of oxygen tension on the metabolism of Cassiopea. Ibid., pp. 715-716. 



Mayor, A. G. Is death from high temperature due to the accumulation of acid in the 

 tissues. Amer. Jour. Physiol., vol. 44, pp. 581-585, Nov. 1917. 



. Formula for rate of nerve-conduction in sea-water. Ibid., pp. 591-595. 



. Report upon the Scyphomedusae collected by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries 



steamer Albatross in the Philippine Islands and Malay Archipelago. Bull. No. 

 100, U. S. Nat. Mus., pp. 175-233, 24 figures, Nov. 1917. 



, 1918, Memoir of Wilham Stimpson. Biographical Memoirs of National Academy 



of Sciences, vol. 8, pp. 419-433, Portrait. 



, 1918, Navigation illustrated by diagrams. 207 pp. 



Harvey, E. Newton. Studies on bioluminescence, IV. The chemistry of hght produc- 

 tion in a Japanese astracod crustacean, Cypridina hilgendorfii, V. The chemistry 

 of light production by the firefly, VI. Light production by a Japanese permat- 

 ulid, Cavernularia haberi. Amer. Jour. Physiol., vol. xlii, pp. 319-358, 1917. 



. WTiat substance is the source of the Hght in the firefly. Science, n.s., xlvi, 



pp. 241-243, 1917. 



. Studies on bioluminescence, VIII. The mechanism of the production of hght 



during oxidation of pyrogallol. Jour. Biol. Chem., vol. xxxi, pp. 311-336, 1917. 



Further Studies on the Chemistry of Light Production in Cypridina, hy 



E. Newton Harvey. 



During the fall and winter of 1917-18 I spent several months collecting 

 and drying specimens of Cypridina hilgendorfii, whose brilliant blue lumines- 

 cence has been already described in the papers from the Tortugas Laboratory,* 

 The material collected by one man amounted to a volume of 3.5 liters and a 

 dry weight of about 700 grams, representing some 1,225,000 organisms. This 

 is in addition to the material used in experiments carried out in the Zoological 

 Laboratory, Imperial University, Tokyo, where I was given most excellent 

 facilities for research. It gives me pleasure to acknowledge the kindness of 

 Professors Ijima, Yatsu, Watase, and Goto during my stay at the university. 

 I am deeply indebted also to Prof. C. Ishikawa, of the Agricultural College, 

 Tokyo, for assistance in collecting material and for his interest in my work. 



In the papers from the Tortugas Laboratory I described the substances 

 photophelein and photogenin, which must be present with water and oxygen 

 to produce light. I find that under the term photophelein I have previously 

 included two different substances. One of these is a body, found only in 

 Cypridina hilgendorfii, which oxidizes spontaneously without light production 

 in the air and corresponds to the luciferine found by Dubois in Pholas dac- 

 tylus. It is dialyzable, thermostable, and may be called Cypridina luciferin. 

 In the presence of non-dialyzing thermolable Cypridina luciferase (corre- 

 sponding to my old term, photogenin) it oxidizes with light production. 

 Cypridina luciferine differs from Pholas luciferin in that it can not be oxidized 

 with Hght production by KMn04, H2O2, with or without hemoglobin or 

 similar oxidizing agents. The other substance is found in many non-lumi- 

 nous animals, is also thermostable and assists in promoting the kiciferin- 



* Chemistry of Light Production in Luminous Organisms. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Pub. No. 251. 



