15 



that Hie families, in which Ihese organs are most variable, are those which stand 

 in llie middle, namely the Garijpidae Hans, and the Pseudobisiinae Hans. 



Galea. The galea, through which the spinning glands, which are situated 

 in tiie céphalothorax, emit their disciiarge, is present in all the Panclenodaclyli and 

 in the two subfamilies of the Hemictenodactijli, and even in the two other subfamilies 

 of the latter suborder viz. the Obisiinae Dad. and the Chthoniinac Dad. the aforesaid 

 glands debouch on a more or less marked little tubercle. This is rounded, but 

 distinct in Obisium C. K., and rather large and prominent in Chthonius C. K. The 

 galea is in most species of the Ideobisium Balz, a styliform and moderately curved 

 organ (PI. I, fig. 4 b), but in Microcreagris yiijas Bal/.. (12. pi. 12, fig. 34a) and Ideo- 

 blothrus Strandi P^liingsen (08. p. <S8) it is more developed being provided with a 

 few branches. In Tridentchthoniiis parvuhis Balz. (46. tav. XVII, fig. 28 a) it consists 

 of three undivided portions, the one placed behind the other. The galea of the 

 Garijpidae Hans, varies from being extremely simple to being very complicated. 

 It is in most species of Olpiiim L. K. and Garypiims Dad. at least in the female 

 rather slender and divided into three longer and shorter terminal branches (cf. 46. 

 tav. XVI, figs. 17-21 a; 49. tab. V, fig. 4: and pi. II, fig. 8c). In the female of Gary- 

 pus Floridensis Bks. (fig. 4 c) and G. saxicola Wath. it is distally divided into about 

 (j or 7 teeth, and in G. cuyabanus Balz. (4(5. tav. XVI, fig. 22 a), it is strong and 

 clumsy, provided with about ten branches, arising from the middle to the apex, 

 while it is a short, pointed stylet in Garypiis irriigatiis Sim. (PI. II, fig. 1 b), and G. 

 lonyidigitutiis Rainb. (fig. 3, p. 17). In the females of the Genus Chelifer Geof. it 

 attains its highest development and is variable to a degree (cf. Balzan 46. tav. XIII, 

 figs. 2-6a; and pi. III, figs. 8d-e, pi. IV, fig. 4c); but even if both its shape and 

 ramifications are multifarious, the thus furnished excellent characters ought however 

 to be used with perseverance and criticism on account of the specific variations, 

 shown for inst. by Chelifer communis Balz. (46. tav. XIII, fig. 4 a), Chelifer scorpioides 

 Herm. (14. tab. XI, figs. 10 — 13) as well as by Chelifer nodosus Schranck. The galea 

 is in Chiridium museorum Leach, small and almost simple, and in Ch. corlicum Balz. 

 (46. tav. XIII, lig. 1 a) moderately branched; in Psendochiridium clavigerum Thor. 

 and P. Thorellii n. sp. it is very remarkable, being divided into two independent 

 divisions (Thorell 10. tav. 5a; pl. IV, fig. 12c; cf. below). In the relative develop- 

 ment of the galea an excellent sexual character is often found at least in the Pan- 

 ctenodactyli (cf. Thorell 6. p. 32 and 10. p. 595; Balzan 12. p. 500, Hansen 49. p. 236). 

 The galea of the male seems generally to be shorter and more simple in its rami- 

 fications than that of the female ; dillerences in this respect will be seen by com- 

 paring the drawings of the galeae of the two sexes in Chelifer Birmanicus Thor. 

 (PI. IV, figs. 4c-d), Ch. Murrayi Poc. (PI. Ill, figs. 8 d-e) as well as Garypiims nohilis 

 n. sp. (PI. II, figs. 8 c-d). I have observed the same character in Garypus Floridensis 

 Bks. (figs. 4 b-c), but not in any species of this genus, in vN'hich the galea of the 

 female is a simple stylet viz. G. irrugatus Sim. (PI. II, fig. 1 b). Banks states that 

 the male of Idcoroncus ohscuriis Bks. has no galea; it could be very interesting to 



