131 



Erickson writes ahoiil Ihis animal in his Archiv für Nalurgeschichle 1844 "Jahres- 

 berichte für 1843" (p. 333) : "es sind näniHch nicht vier Augen vorhanden, sondern 

 nur zwei, und aucli diese nur durch einen lieiien Punlvt der Hornljcdeckung des 

 Vorderleibes angedeulel. " Erickson unlorlunalely does nol mention, il' his criticism 

 ol Kock's description is based upon a reexamination of the typical specimen ; if he 

 is right, this genus is only different from Chernes Menge by the shape of its 

 céphalothorax. The genus Clieriies was established by Menge to include species 

 without eyes and with transverse stripes of the céphalothorax (1855. 33. p. 39) and 

 was later on accepted as a subgenus by Balzan (1891. 12. p. 513); in this circum- 

 scription the genus is scarcely a natural one, but perhaps in a restricted sen.se 

 with Ch. cimicoides F. as type. This genus was by later authors divided into 

 different subgenera, the value of which will be discussed below. 



The next genus of this subfamily, which was established, namely Ecloceras 

 Stecker (1875. 4. p. 512; cf. Daday 11. p. 1Ü8) is characterized by the large ocular 

 spots, by the distinct transverse stripes of the céphalothorax, granular integument 

 with clavate hairs, clumsy palps and claws, which bear teeth; if Steckers descrip- 

 tion is correct, this genus may j)erhaps I)e accepted as natural, especially on 

 account of the structure of the claws. The genus Lophochernes Sim. was established 

 by Simon (1878. 25. p. 66) to include species with the abdominal tergites keeled 

 and the fingers of the palps gaping when closed, both characters only in the males 

 (cf. Hansen 9. p. 521, and Ellingsen 18. p. 206); this genus is quite natural, but its 

 name can not be accepted, because it includes Ch. caiicroides L., which is the type 

 of the whole genus Chelifer Geof. ; this generic name ought accordingly to be 

 applied to tlie ''Lophochernes" group, if it was separated off (cf. below). 



lîalzan divides the genus Chelifer Geof. into three subgenera namely Aleinniis 

 Can., Chernes Menge, again divided into the manipuli Lamprochernes Tom. and 

 Trachychernes Tom., and as the third Chelifer Geof.; the characters taken from the 

 antennae or the shape of the body as they are not regarded as absolute l)y the 

 author will not be discussed here. 



The last of these subgenera Chelifer Geof. (12. p. 528; 40. p. 184) is mainly 

 characterized bj' the presence of real eyes; these are according to Balzan (12. p. 500) 

 always easily distinguished from ocular spots; perhaps they are. But this character 

 is at least of no great value and too unimportant, as the main-characteristic of a 

 subgenus, for Ch. subruber Sim. has eyes with well developed lenses and Ch. Murrayi 

 Poc. has only white ocular spots on a level with the integument around and even 

 minutely granular, a dissimilarity wliich is of small importance, compared to a 

 number of characters, in which these two nearly related species agree. If the sub- 

 genus Chelifer Geof. is natural or not, can only be determined by taken a greater 

 number of characters in consideration than Balzan did; it falls really into two 

 natural groups (cf. below) at least. The principal difference between the subgenera 

 Chernes Menge and Atemnus Can. (12. p. 510; 42. Fasc. VII, 9), is found in the 

 absence or presence of transverse stripes on the céphalothorax; but the value of 



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