1893.] ^"^ [Coues. 



thence to President Jefferson, April 7, 1805. Hence I infer that the sub 

 stance of this codex was among tlie papers dispatched to the President at 

 tiiat date ; but I have no record of how or when it came into the posses- 

 sion of tlie Philosophical Society. It does not seem to have been known 

 to Biddle, or at any rate was not used by him in writing the history of the 

 Expedition. (7) Torn out, p. 139 to end. 



Codex P. — One of the thirteen red morocco cover books. No Biddle 

 number. Not one of the regular Journals. Jederson deposit, Nov., 

 1817. In perfect order inside and oui ; only brass clasp gone. Folios 

 only 68, pages 138, e elusive of two flyleaves written on ; 4 folios = 8 

 pages gone, but no break in the manuscript. Clark's Natural History 

 Notes, etc., April 9, 1805, to Feb. 17, 1800 (see contents). 



Contents. — A. Reading forward : (1) Jtemorandum of weather, Feb. 

 28 to March 28, 1804, on front flyleaf and p. 1. {i) Memorandum of 

 Jefferson's deposit of this Codex, in Biddle's hand, across p. 1. (3) Miss- 

 ing 4 leaves, pp. 3-10. (4) Blank, pp. 11, 13. (5) Numerous and vari- 

 ous zoological and botanical notes, at entries of dates above said, pp. 

 l:j-124 (missing pp. 80-84). B. Reading backward : ((3) Some money 

 accounts, canceled, on one side of back flyleaf. (7) Blank, pp. 13(5-134. 

 (8) Memorandum, p. 133. (9) Blank, p. 133. (10) Weather diary, 

 July, Aug., Sept., 1805, pp. 131-135. 



Note. — This codex is important in item (o), which is the main though 

 not the sole basis of Biddle's natural history chapter vii, in Vol. ii. 

 Some of this chapter is almost literally from this codex, but zoijlogical 

 and botanical matter from various other codices is there compiled. I may 

 here give the simple explanation of the extreme meagreness and paucity 

 of the natural history notes in LewMS and Clark, with the sole exception 

 of what is in Chap, vii. Vol. li. It was intended that Dr. B. S. Barton 

 should work up the natural history in both branches, as stated by Biddle 

 in the Preface which he allowed Paul Allen to sign. The codices (Jour- 

 nals) are everywhere rich in such materials — often giving elaborate 

 descriptions of animals and plants wiiich the printed text barely mentions. 

 These manuscripts will doubtless suffice for the scientific identification of 

 the objects described, in nearly all cases. But these passages are almost 

 always canceled in red ink by Biddle or by Clark, with the remark, " Dr. 

 Barton," " Copy for Dr. Barton," "Copied for Dr. Barton," etc., show- 

 ing that the editor designedly passed ihcm by for the purpose thus indi- 

 cated. But Dr. Barton never did anything with this wealth of new 

 material; his death occurred soon after the volumes were published, and 

 nothing that I know of bearing on the zoology and botany of Lewis and 

 Clark was ever found among his papers. Thus the whole intention mis- 

 carried ; what little zoology was ever made out of the expedition was done 

 by Wilson, Ord and Rafiuesque, mainlj', and what little botany, I think, 

 by Pursh. In 187G I worked out the mammals and birds as well as I could 

 from the printed text of Chap, vii, Vol. ii. 



