44 HAUPT— EMANCIPATION OF THE WATERWAYS. LApni 12, 



If sent to New York by rail, 946 miles, it is 6 mills per ton-mile. 

 In consequence of this possible competition therefore the average 

 price paid to the Missouri farmer is ten cents a bushel higher than 

 that paid in Nebraska and this at 12 bushels to the acre means a 

 net return of $1.20 per acre on his crop. 



Extending this analysis to the cereals of the two adjacent states 

 of Kansas and Nebraska the former having the advantage of greater 

 proximity to the waterways, for the year 1901 it was found that the 

 five cents higher price realized on the wheat crop, gave to Kansas 

 $4> 953>965 greater revenue than her neighbor, while at nine cents 

 more per bushel on corn her advantage was $5,535,543 and for 

 oats at six cents, it was $1,039,944, makinga total of $11,530,000 

 on these three cereals. In the same manner it is found that if Ne- 

 braska could have marketed her grain at Kansas prices she would 

 have received $14,267,000 more, in one year. The total expendi- 

 tures on the rivers and harbors of the country up to September 19, 

 1900, is reported to have been $370,411,124.44, 4 per cent, of 

 which would represent the annual loss to one state due to the 

 absence of water competition. 



THE POLICY OF OTHER COUNTRIES. 



It is not surprising therefore that in the sagacious French Re- 

 public which has expended over $700,000,000 on her internal 

 waterways, which are free of tolls, her economists believe this 

 policy to be fully justified by the indirect returns and the thrift and 

 prosperity of the people incidental thereto. 



So too the Dominion of Canada has not hesitated to provide the 

 munificent sum of $95,316,910.07 for her system of internal water- 

 ways, which have returned only about one eighth of this sum, yet 

 the Government recognizes "that waterways and roadways are 

 essential to the commercial life of the country." 



Great Britain has learned from a sad experience that the purchase 

 of 1,138 miles out of a total of 3,906, by the railroads, up to 

 1883, has so retarded her trade that she is no longer able to com- 

 pete successfully with her foreign rivals and Parliament had pro- 

 hibited the further control of the waterways by hostile interests 

 and is returning to the policy of rehabilitating them under cor- 

 porate management. Moreover it is shown that the 2,768 miles 

 under independent control, in 1898, earned a net profit of $1,080 



