I9 o 5 .] ANATOMY OF PHAL.-ENOPTILUS, R1DGWAY. 215 



Brewster County, Texas, one preserved in alcohol and the other in 

 formalin. 



This work has been done entirely under the direction of Dr. 

 Montgomery, and I am very much indebted to him for many help- 

 ful suggestions, and for his unfailing sympathy and encouragement 

 during the preparation of this memoir. 



I. Alimentary Tract. 



This bird is remarkable for its enormous month. Arranged in a 

 regular series along the upper border of the gape there are on each 

 side of the mouth eight long vibrissas, modified feathers. 



The tongue (T, PI. IV., Fig. 10), is slender and pointed. 

 Posteriorly it is bifid and fimbriated. The hyoid bone (Figs, i 

 and 10) consists of the following parts: os entglossum (Ent. g.), 

 basihyal (Has. h.), urohyal (Ur. //.), basibranchial (Bas. Ik), 

 ceratobranchial (Cer. b.), and epibranchial (Ep. b.). The ent- 

 glossum is entirely cartilaginous and is bifurcated in the posterior 

 half, the forks articulating in each side with the basihyal. The 

 osseous basihyal is a solid piece broadening posteriorly, reaching 

 its greatest width where the basibranchials come off. It then nar- 

 rows immediately into the urohyal which has the same structure 

 except for the cartilaginous tip. The urohyal is about twice the 

 length of the basihyal. The "horns" of the tongue bone are 

 also of cartilage. The basal segments, the basi-branchials, are 

 about one half the entire length of the horn ; the articulating 

 joints, the ceratobranchials, are a little more than one fourth the 

 length of the horn ; the last members, the epibranchials, are about 

 one fourth the length of the horn. 



The wide pharynx (Pha., PI. IV, Fig. 10) is succeeded by the 

 oesophagus (CEs., Fig. 10) which is immediately slightly dilated. 

 There is no crop. Behind its anterior dilation the oesophagus 

 gradually narrows until at its posterior end the diameter is little 

 more than half the diameter of its anterior portion. 



The cesophagus passes over into the proventriculus (Prov., PI. 

 IV, Figs. 9, 10, 15), which opens into the anterior end of the 

 gizzard (Giz., Figs. 9, 10, 15) somewhat to the right of the mid- 

 line. The gizzard is overlain anteriorly by the liver lobes, and 

 extends posteriorly to the region of the cloaca. 



The intestine (Int., PI. IV, Figs. 9, 15), arises from the right 



