1902.] STENGEL — SPECIFIC PRECIPITINS. 413 



lus. He concludes that, while the tests require further study, the 

 result corresponds with the Darwinian theory of the relationship 

 between man and ape — the relation of the former, according to 

 that theory, being closely to the Old World apes. The anti-serum 

 for dog's blood when tested with 140 bloods reacted only with the 

 blood of the jackal of South Africa. None of the 140 bloods gave 

 a reaction with the anti-serum for horse's blood. No member of 

 the horse family was tested. 



In some cases blood serum of rabbits treated with heterologous 

 blood have reacted in a way not specific. Thus Nuttall found the 

 serum from a rabbit treated with ox blood reacted with the blood 

 of the gazelle and axis deer and gave slight cloudiness with the 

 blood of sheep, gnu, squirrel and swan. In no case, however, as 

 far as I have discovered, has the humanized serum of rabbits reacted 

 excepting to the blood of man or species of the monkey family. 



With regard to the applicability of this test in medico-legal cases, 

 it may be of interest to report a case studied by Prof. Wood, of 

 Harvard Medical School. The test was applied in a murder case 

 tried in New Hampshire. The blood of a stain on the right elbow 

 of a brown jacket, about one-quarter inch in diameter; another, 

 about one-half inch in diameter on the front of a jacket, were 

 utilized. One-half of the elbow stain was cut out and soaked with 

 distilled water and the other stain was scraped over half its extent, 

 the scrapings being caught in a watch-glass and the powder treated 

 with distilled water. This distilled water solution was placed in a 

 small test-tube and treated with an equal volume of double normal 

 salt solution. Four little spats of blood on the leg of a pair of 

 overalls were treated in the same manner and also a stain of about 

 one-quarter inch in diameter on the other leg. A few threads from 

 two blood stains on a towel were cut out and a solution made as 

 before described. Also some clotted blood found on a stone, the 

 latter being the implement with which the murder was committed. 

 All of these solutions were placed in small test-tubes side by side, 

 and for purposes of comparison several other solutions of dried 

 human blood, of that of a dog, ox, pig and sheep were employed. 

 To each test-tube one, two or three drops of the testing serum were 

 added. A distinct precipitation occurred within one-half hour in 

 the test-tubes containing the blood obtained from both stains on 

 jacket, the legs of overalls, the stain on the towel, the blood on the 

 stone and in the test-tubes containing the human blood. No pre- 



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