92 ROLFE— THE USE OF DEVICES FOR 



marks are Augustales, accensus, curator, jflamen, patronus, procurator, 

 legatus (with two marks, V., 4359), rex (five times in the M. A., 

 twice reges) ; in proconsul (III., 9960, and elsewhere) and pronepos 

 (IX., 3176; III., 14147, i) the mark may indicate the prefix (see 

 below). Marks are not very common in the Pompeian inscriptions, 

 but we find venatio in IV., 3884, venatio in 1186, and venatio in 1190, 

 doubtless for emphasis; cf. vela, IV., 1190. The same general fea- 

 ture appears in the designation of military and other prizes, as in 

 corona aurea, V., 7003. 



The following words which occur more than once are always 

 marked : curia three times, flumen twice, lustrum six times, manibiis 

 or manibis four times, ostium twice, Penates twice, reciperavi twice, 

 refeci three times, solvi twice with solutis, frumentum twice with 

 frumentationes. The following, on the other hand, show a variation 

 in usage : auxi and auxi, acceperunt and acceperunt, cives three times 

 but cives once, denarios twice but denarium, and others. 



In a number of instances the mark coincides with a word division 

 in compounds as in undeviginti, quinquaginta, res publica, rei pub- 

 licae ; or indicates a suffix, as in aerarium, anniversarium, etc. There 

 seems to be no other good reason for the frequent marking of nomen 

 (three times in the M. A., II., 5513; V., 7430; VI., 2042, a, 26; 2059, 

 38), testamentum (III., 10867; V., 969; XII., 1375, 3593); cf. 

 ornamentis, XII., 3203, and ornamentis, XII., 3219. Prefixes are 

 perhaps indicated in the same way, as in refeci, deduxi and in aede, 

 the only example of an apex over ae in the M. A., although that usage 

 becomes common later. In the marking of case-endings, which is 

 frequent, we should expect Quintilian's rule to be followed, but the 

 expectation is not fulfilled. We find the endings -arum and -orum 

 marked, -es in the nominative and accusative plural, -is in the dative- 

 ablative, and -OS in the accusative, plural, no one of which is likely 

 to be mistaken for another form, as well as the ablative in a, the accu- 

 sative plural in -is, and the forms in -us of the u-declension, where 

 the marks differentiate the cases from the nominative, the genitive 

 singular, and the forms in -us. In the M. A. -o of the dative-ablative 

 singular is rarely, if ever, marked, but elsewhere it is frequently 

 given an apex; seventy-four times in C. I. L., XII. The forms of 

 the a-declension in -ae are not marked in the M. A., but have the apex 



