340 



KENNELLY-NABESHIMA— ESTABLISHING A 



oscillation in the process, and then descends upon a distorted curve. 

 The deviations from the sinusoidal state are clearly visible in is for 

 five alternations, after which the upbuilding progress towards the 

 same final steady state as in Fig. 9, becomes fairly regular. Simi- 

 larly, the far-end voltage Cr rises with oscillations which are not 

 attributable to the oscillograph, and are probably lumpiness tran- 

 sients. The deviations from the sinusoidal wave form are visible 

 in the growth of er for at least four alternations. The case is there- 

 fore one of mixed splash, lumpiness, and regular initiating tran- 

 sients. The curves of this case have not been analyzed. 



The zero line of Cs contains ripples, which are due to accidental 

 mechanical tremors of the instrument at the moment of zero-line 

 recording. The zero lines were ordinarily recorded after the oscil- 

 lographic wave records on the line had been secured, and at a time 

 when the instrument was disconnected. 

 (628 km. or 390 miles) and is grounded at B through a current- 



In Fig. II (Film No. 106), the artificial line has half length 



FilmNo.106 



Fig. II. Example of Splash, Lumpiness and Regular Transients. 



recording oscillograph. The line switch was set to close at or near 

 a crest of impressed e.m.f. of about 70 volts r.m.s. The splash at 

 A is very marked, The curve is is the sending-end current, and is 

 very erratic during the first two or three alternations. The receiv- 

 ing-end current ir is also very erratic, and contains lumpiness oscil- 

 lation ripples. It slowly regularises itself, as time goes on, towards 

 the steady state. When the line switch was closed at an instant of 

 zero e.m.f., instead of near the crest value, these erratic waves did 

 not present themselves on this 625 km. line. No attempt has been 



