6 BLOOMFIELD— ON THE ART OF 



599. This is, of course, the prime quality of the Vidyadharas 

 (khecara) themselves. Frequent mention is made of the Science 

 called "Resuscitation": Samjivini, Pargvanatha 6. 706; or Jivani, 

 Mahabh. i. 67. 58; or MrtajTvinl, Skandapurana, Kagikhanda, 

 16. 81. Pargvanatha, 2. 201, has the Science called Dhuvana- 

 ksobhini, "Earthquake"; and Parcvanfitha 8. 158, and Parigistapar- 

 van 2. 173, have the Science called Talodghatini, "Opening of 

 locks." It will be observed that texts of the Jaina religionists 

 figure frequently in this matter, this, because of the importance 

 which the Jainas attach to ascetic practices. These practices and 

 the beliefs connected with them have, in their turn, stimulated the 

 Jainas' great love of fiction. It is rather characteristic that the 

 Pargvanatha Caritra i. 576 ff., mentions no less than five of these 

 Sciences in one place, to wit : Adrgyikarana, " Invisibility ; " Akrsti, 

 " Compelling the presence of a person ; " Rupantarakrti, " Chang- 

 ing one's shape ; " Parakayapravega, " Entering another's body ; " 

 and AkagagaminI, " Traveling in the air." 



Conspicuous among these magic " Arts," as we may now call 

 them, is the " Art of entering another's body."^*' In the Yoga- 

 SiJtras iii. 38 it is called para-garira-avega ; in other Yoga writings, 

 and in Merutuiiga's Prabandhacintamani, p. 12, para-pura-pra- 

 vega ;^' in Kathas. 45. 78, 79, dehantara-avega, or anya-deha- 

 pravegako yogah ; in the Jainist Pargvanatha Caritra i. 576; 3. 

 119; in the Metrical Version of the Vikrama Carita, story 21, lines 

 109-110; in the Bithler manuscript of the Pancatantra, and in 

 Meghavijaya's version of the same text, para-kaya-pravega (see 

 WZKM. XIX, p. 64; ZDMG. LII, p. 649). The same designa- 

 tion is used in the Vikrama story in a manuscript of the Vetalapafi- 

 cavingati, edited by Uhle in ZDMG. XXIII, pp. 443 fif. The Vi- 

 krama Carita defines this Art (with others) as ancillary to the eight 

 mahasiddhis, to wit, parakayapravegadya yag ca katy api siddhayah, 

 etadastamahasiddhipada pahkajasevikah, " the Arts Entering an- 



i*' In Hemacandra's Yogagastra this is preceded by the " Art of sepa- 

 rating one's self from one's body," called vedhavidhi ; sec Biihler, " Ueber das 

 Leben des Jaina Monches Hemacandra," p. 251. 



'^'' E. g., Aniruddha to Samkhyas. p. 129. The Sanskrit Lexicons either 

 omit or misunderstood this word; see Bohtlingk, VII, p. 356, col. i. 



