516 WHITE— STUDIES OF INHERITANCE IN PISUM. 



Vilmorin (90) also notes that self violet is a dominant to the 

 various testa colors. 



Brown hiluni is always associated with colored flowers and ap- 

 parently gives a simple 3 : i ratio in ¥^, with dominance in F^. 



Black eye pattern, according to Correns (14), is both dominant 

 and recessive in F^ in crosses involving its presence and absence. 

 Black-eyed Marrowfat X white-seeded Mummy (57.5) presumably 

 gave only blackeye in F^ and three classes of Fo segregates — black 

 eyed, sooty whites, and whites or colorless. Vilmorin (90) lists 

 blackeye as a dominant. Blackeye is associated with both colorless 

 and colored flowered and seed coat races. 



Violet eye (86) X non-violet eye gives all violet eye in F^. In 

 Fo, Tschermak's crosses gave 53 violet eye : 23 non-violet eye, a 

 ratio of 2.3: i, approaching nearest to the 3: i ratio. In Fg, all F2 

 non-violet-eyed segregates tested, bred true. Two F, violet-eyed 

 segregates in F3 gave 7 violet eyed : 6 non-violet eyed. Non-violet- 

 eyed races crossed with non-violet-eyed segregates from violet-eyed 

 and non-violet-eyed ancestry gave always non-violet-eyed progeny. 

 Non-violet-eyed segregates from crosses involving violet eye always 

 gave non-violet-eyed progeny. F3 non-violet-eyed segregates X 

 heterozygous F3 violet-eyed segregate gave 5 violet-eyed : 3 non- 

 violet-eyed ofl"spring. Total results obtained by adding together all 

 progeny of heterozygous plants in Tschermak's data give 78 violet 

 eyed : 38 non-violet, or a ratio of about 2:1. 



Violet eye, as is also presumably true of black eye, is not coupled 

 in its inheritance with the substances which determine flower color, 

 seed coat color, seed coat pattern and leaf axil color. Sufficient 

 proof of this statement is given by Tschermak's (86) experiments. 



All other seed coat patterns are associated in their inheritance 

 in one way or another with the causes which determine the gray- 

 brown colors of the seed coats, the color of the leaf axils, and 

 flower color. Mapling, although a character inherited independently 

 of the characters just enumerated, as shown by Tschermak and 

 Lock, is largely dependent upon them for full expression. Purple 

 spotting and gray are absolutely associated with these characters. 

 Brown hilum color is also coupled with colored seed coats and col- 

 ored flowers. Colorless seed coats, on the other hand, are always 



