NORTHWESTERN SOUTH AMERICA. . 683 



with a small knob, the pores evident ; teeth in two irregular series, 

 the outer series of the upper jaw and the inner series of the lower 

 jaw enlarged. Gill-rakers 15 or i6 in upper, 25 or 26 in lower arch 

 (21 -}- 2y in S. oscitans), preopercular spines strong, the upper di- 

 rected backward, the lower downward and backward ; first and sec- 

 ond dorsal spines strong, pungent; second dorsal spine nearly half 

 the length of the head; tenth dorsal spine shortest, the third to the 

 seventh spines weak, flexible, the rest becoming strong pungent, the 

 third dorsal spine higher than any of the rays ; second anal spine 

 1. 17 in the length of the head, its tip reaching tip of fourth anal 

 ray; caudal narrowly rounded, its middle rays equal to the length 

 of the head ; pectorals reaching to above the first anal spine, the 

 ventrals to the vent ; caudal, soft dorsal and anal scaled to near the 

 tip ; a row of scales along the back of the dorsal spines to near the 

 tip. Caudal, soft dorsal and all but part of last three anal rays 

 densely punctate; upper surface of first two ventral rays less densely 

 punctate ; spinous dorsal and all but lowest rays of the pectorals 

 nearly black, much darker than the other fins. Scales of sides and 

 back with punctulations forming faint streaks, oblique between the 

 lateral line and the spinous dorsal, horizontal elsewhere. 



H.EMULID.E. 



12. Pomadasys sinuosus spec, no v. 



Type, 13892 I., 161 mm. Patia, between Magui and Telembi. 

 Henn. 



Head 3 ; depth z^ ; D. XIII, 12 ; A. Ill, 8 ; 51 pores in the lateral 

 line to the base of the caudal, 12 pores on the caudal ; eye 44 in the 

 head, snout 3.1, bony interorbital 7, interocular 5, preorbital y.^,. 



Profile sinuous, slightly depressed in front of the dorsal and over 

 the eye; snout pointed, the maxillary reaching just to the anterior 

 margin of the eye; teeth in broad bands, the outer series of both 

 jaws a little enlarged ; spine at angle of preopercle broad, flat ; gill- 

 rakers in both arches 17, the lower four or five rudimentary, the 

 upper three rapidly graduate ; pectoral short, not near reaching 

 vent, 1.7 in the head; fourth dorsal spine highest, 2 in the head, the 



