100 STEVENSON— INTERRELATIONS OF THE FOSSIL FUELS. 



Surface peat 

 Denser peat 

 Dense peat.. 



Ash. 



3.50 

 2.08 

 2.70 



Mills and Rowan^*^ have given analyses of surface and dense 

 peat from three localities in Ireland, 



In the region whence these samples were taken, the growth of peat 

 has been very slow during a long period, so that the surface peat, 

 or rather, that from near the surface has undergone much greater 

 change than that in similar position within areas where growth still 

 continues. The same authors give results obtained by Woskre- 

 sensky who analyzed Russian peat, which evidently came imme- 

 diately under the growing surface ; it contained about 41 per cent, 

 of carbon with 54 per cent, of oxygen and nitrogen. 



Mulder^^'^ analyzed fuel peats from localities in Holland and 

 found the carbon varying from 59.27 to 61.05 per cent, and the 

 oxygen from 32.50 to 34.71 per cent. 



Zincken"^ has given the results of two analyses of Schiefer- 

 kohle from Utznach, in Switzerland ; the first is of the ordinary 

 material, but the second is of a dense coal, hard, almost black and 

 with conchoidal fracture ; 



146 " Fuel and its Applications," p. 20. 



^*^ G. J. Mulder, " Ueber das arabische Gummi, die pectische Saure und 

 die Zusammensetzung der Torfarten," Journ. f. pr. Cheniie, Vol. XVI., 1839, 

 p. 246. 



148 " Physiographie der Braunkohle," p. 24. 



