STEVENSON— INTERRELATIONS OF THE FOSSIL FUELS. 135 



Hantken^®^ summarized the available information respecting the 

 Miocene coals of Hungary. He found that the conditions in the 

 middle Miocene resemble those in the Pliocene, in that the coal de- 

 posits occupy very small areas and vary greatly in thickness as well 

 as in cjuality. A bed near Edeleny, 3.24 meters thick, has four 

 benches ; the clay partings are in all less than three fourths of a 

 meter; one is pyritous, another contains Helix and plant remains 

 and the third is carbonaceous. The underclay is carbonaceous and 

 contains Helix as well as plant impressions. The deposits near 

 Brennberg and Saljo-Tarjan are more important. The coal bearing 

 group, at the bottom of the Miocene, is 27 to 40 meters thick and 

 holds four coal beds at Brennberg, from 2 to 7.5 meters extreme 

 thickness. The overlying sandstones are about 130 meters thick. 

 At Saljo-Tarjan, the main bed is 2 meters thick, underlies sand- 

 stone and conglomerate and rests on marly clay. But Grand'Eury 

 found that the floor varies. At an opening in Saljo-Tarjan, the coal 

 rests on rhyolite-tuff, but at Mitra-Novak one coal bed rests on 

 sandstone while another rests on clay. 



Katzer^^° has described in considerable detail the brown coal 

 deposit near Banjaluka in Bosnia, which, according to the fauna, 

 appears to be IMiocene, though its flora indicates Oligocene age. Ter- 

 tiary beds occupy a basin of about 80 square kilometers and are 

 surrounded by rocks belonging to dififerent periods. The succession 

 of psammites, marls, limestones and tender conglomerates is appar- 

 ently freshwater throughout. The one important coal bed, mined 

 near Banjaluka, is in three benches ; the partings are very thin in the 

 northwest part of the mine, where the bed is single ; but they thicken 

 rapidly, the upper and middle benches disappear in succession and 

 only the lowest or Lauser bed remains. Where the bed is triple as in 

 the Lauser district, the succession is : Hard limestones and soft marls, 

 freshwater, 100 meters ; marls, more or less carbonaceous, containing 

 Melanopsis; upper bench of coal, with extreme thickness of 4 meters ; 

 gray to brown marls, calcareous, containing on top layers of com- 

 pressed Unio; middle bench of coal, 2 meters; yellow to gray soft 



1S9 M. Hantken, " Die Kohlenflotze und Kohlenbergbau," etc., pp. 313-325. 

 190 p. Katzer, "Die Braunkohlen Ablagerung von Banjaluka in Bosnian," 

 Berg. u. Hi'itt. Jahrh., Bd. LXL, 1913, pp. 153-227. 



