STEVENSON— INTERRELATIONS OF THE FOSSIL FUELS. 173 



fracture, which he saw in the brown coal of Zittau in Saxony. 

 Siegert and Hermance had thought it identical with Pechkohle or 

 Glanzkohle, but Glockner objects to both terms as not specific, 

 bcause they have been employed loosely in description of both brown 

 and stone coals. He regards dopplerite as almost equally bad, be- 

 cause there is no agreement respecting it, except as to the fact that 

 it is formed in recent peat moors. He prefers a new name for this 

 tertiary substance, which is distinguished from dopplerite by its 

 brittleness and its hardness, 2.5. Analysis of this zittavite, dried at 

 105° C, yielded carbon, 61.89, hydrogen, 5.32, oxygen, 30.43, nitro- 

 gen, 0.21, ash, 1.95. Comparing these results with those obtained by 

 Demel, Kaufmann and Schrotter for dopplerite, one finds that 

 Glockner's material is more advanced than that studied by those 

 chemists. They obtained for air-dried, ash-free dopplerite 



One can hardly regard zittavite as a good mineral for, like dopplerite, 

 it varies in composition and there would seem to be little reason 

 for giving it a new name, except to distinguish the geological posi- 

 tion. Glockner recognizes similarity in origin, for zittavite is due 

 to humic solutions formed during change of woody material into 

 lignite and earthy brown coal, which circulate through the mass. 

 He cannot believe that it results from action of calcium carbonate, 

 because limy matter is but 0.47 per cent, of the whole. The charac- 

 teristics suggest very close relationship to the carbohumin of v. 

 Giimbel. D. White has expressed frequently the conviction that 

 the conversion of wood intO' jet-like lignite is due to saturation by 

 soluble compounds generated during 'decomposition of vegetable 

 matter. 



With comparatively few exceptions, students of the Tertiary 

 coals have noted the presence in greater or less quantity of resins 

 in streaks, nests or isolated globules, especially in coals of lignitic 

 and sub-bituminous types, even occasionally in those closely allied to 



