TOWER— THE JUDICIAL ASPECT— ARBITRATION. 297 



II. 



THE JUDICIAL ASPECT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.— 



ARBITRATION. 



By CHARLEMAGNE TOWER, A.B., LL.D. 



Whilst the prhiciples of international law have been enlarging 

 their influence and developing, in their application to the great 

 variety of questions which have arisen from time to time out of the 

 advance of civilization during the past hundred years, and their 

 .authority has been continuously extended as the result of a wider 

 recognition throughout the world, by mutual agreement, of the rights 

 of one people, in its international and sovereign capacity, toward an- 

 other people, no means of promoting harmony has been discovered 

 which has proved to be so efficient as the recourse to arbitration in 

 the settlement of international disputes. 



The employment of it in the nineteenth century increased at cer- 

 tain periods with such rapidity that it has been shown by a compara- 

 tive statement to have doubled in the number of cases in each period 

 of ten years in comparison with that of the same length of time 

 immediately preceding it ; and if we were to enumerate the nations 

 which have submitted their disagreements to its adjustment we 

 should include not only the United States but the great Powers of 

 Europe as well — Great Britain, France, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Ger- 

 many and Russia, as also almost every country in the world — for 

 instance, we should have, besides Spain, Denmark, Belgium, Hol- 

 land, Norway and Sweden — Turkey, Greece, Persia, China, Japan, 

 Mexico and all the republics of Central and South America. 



Statesmen of all the cabinets of the world have turned to this 

 method of arriving at conclusions which shall safeguard national 

 honor and content public opinion on both sides of a controversy, 

 without a breach of international relations and without recourse to 

 the force of arms. 



We must admit, unhappily, from the evidence that is forced upon 

 us by the spectacle of the great conflict now going on amongst the 



