191 1-] ROSENGARTEN— MOREAU de SAINT MERY. 173 



One of Moreau de St. ]\Iery's friends and visitors, Rochefoucauld 

 Liancourt, wrote an account of the prisons of Philadelphia, which 

 was printed by Moreau in French and in English in Philadelphia, 

 (he was the translator), and later it was published in Paris, and in 

 Dutch in Holland, and later still was made part of one of his six 

 volumes describing his travels in the United States. 



Rochefoucauld spent four years in the United States and describes 

 in great detail his experiences in the northwest and north, in Canada, 

 in Maine, in the south, and in New York, New Jersey and Penn- 

 sylvania. 



Talleyrand from Philadelphia wrote to Mme. de Genlis. " Roche- 

 foucauld is here, making notes, asking information, writing, and 

 more a questioner than Sterne's curious traveller ; he wants to see 

 and know everything," in his eager search for the truth. He met 

 Knox, Sullivan, Jefferson, John Adams, Priestley, Livingston and 

 Kosciusko. He appealed to Washington to intercede for the release 

 of Lafayette from Olmutz. His inquiries included politics, consti- 

 tutions, judicial organizations, army, agriculture, industries, statis- 

 tics, charities, education. In Georgia he studied cotton and indigo 

 plantations ; he condemned slavery and argued for the education of 

 the negroes to prepare them for freedom ; in Niagara and the great 

 forests he foresaw the sources of future industries. He established 

 in France on his return societies like the Pennsylvania Prison So- 

 ciety, and took home much that he had learned in the L^nited States, 

 which he introduced in France, useful reforms that made him a real 

 philanthropist. 



Another French settler in or near Philadelphia, Pierre Legaux, 

 was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 

 1787. A Counsellor of Parliament, a member of the Academy of 

 Arts and Sciences and of several foreign academies, employed in the 

 French West Indies, he came to Philadelphia about 1786 and made 

 his mark as a representative of French culture and scientific ability 

 and by his charm of manner. He bought land on the Schuylkill near 

 Conshohocken and planted vineyards. Washington and Mifflin and 

 other notable men visited them and approved his enterprise. Jeft'er- 

 son. Genet. Brissot, x\udubon, Wistar, were among those whose visits 



