508 HAUPT— AN ANCIENT PROTEST [April 22, 



and Abel was due to some ritual differences. The Septuagint ren- 

 ders: Is it not so? If thou offerest rightly, but doest not cut in 

 pieces rightly, thou hast sinned ? Be still ! — The Syriac Bible has : 

 Behold, if thou doest well, thou receivest ; and if thou doest not 

 well, at the door sin croucheth. — We find the same rendering in the 

 \^ulgate : Nonne si bene egeris, recipies; sin autcm male, statini in 

 foribus peccatuni aderit. — The Targum paraphrases: If thou doest 

 thy work well, thou wilt be pardoned ; but if thou doest not thy work 

 well, for the day of judgment the sin is laid up, ready to take 

 vengeance upon thee, if thou doest not repent; but if thou repentest, 

 thou shalt be forgiven."^ — All these explanations are untenable. 



The original text seems to have been: If thou art good, I shall 

 receive thee graciously; but if thou art a sinner,^- I shall not accept 

 thy offering.^^ The final clause, And tinto thee shall be his desire, 

 and thou shalt rule over him, has no connection with the preceding 

 theological interpolation, but is a gloss protesting against the state- 

 ment in the preceding chapter: Thy desire shall be to thy husband, 

 and he shall rule over thec.^^ Genesis, iii., 16, states: Unto the 

 woman He said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy sigh- 

 ing ;2 in pain thou wilt bear children; nevertheless thy desire is^ to 

 thy husband, and he will rule over thee. 



Some one — possibly a woman. ^^ or a man under the influence of 

 a woman, a species of the genus Homo, which is common — added to 

 this statement in the margin: His desire is unto thee, and thou zvilt 

 rule over him.^^ The story of the Fall of Man and the legend of 

 Cain and Abel may have been written in two parallel columns.^' 

 The glossator, who added the theological interpolation in the legend 

 of Cain and Abel, and the author of the polemical gloss to Genesis, 

 iii., 16 may have written their remarks in the space between the two 

 columns. Afterwards these two marginal glosses crept into the 

 text, the " sufifragettic " gloss to Genesis, iii., 16 being appended to 

 the theological interpolation after Genesis, iv., 5. 



The word desire or longing is used also in the Biblical love- 

 songs, commonly known as the Song of Solomon, where the maiden 

 says of her lover : 



My dear one's am I ; he is mine, too ; for my love he is longing. ** 



