66 HEISER— AMERICAN SANITATION 



ized in 1906. It has a five-year course and its graduates are assum- 

 ing positions of medical responsibility. An anti-tuberculosis society 

 has been formed, and an active educational propaganda is in progress. 

 A hospital has been established at Baguio for incipient cases of 

 tuberculosis, and sanatoria are being conducted in Manila and other 

 places. 



Manila now has the most complete set of sanitary ordinances of 

 any city in the world, and in many directions greater sanitary prog- 

 ress has been made than elsewhere. No doubt many of the coun- 

 tries in the Orient feel themselves compelled to join the movement 

 for modern sanitation instituted in the Philippines. They well 

 understand that the crystallized opinion of the world demands more 

 and more that conditions in other Oriental countries must be made 

 to compare wuth those of higher standard. Before the lepers of the 

 Philippines were segregated, scarcely any Eastern country had segre- 

 gated lepers. The maritime cjuarantine practices of the Philippines 

 are being emulated, and agreements are being entered into between 

 the different countries for the control of dangerous communicable 

 diseases. 



Largely through the efforts of the medical men of the Philip- 

 pines, the Far Eastern Association of Tropical Medicine was or- 

 ganized. This bringing together of the medical profession of the 

 various countries has resulted in the promotion of good will and 

 the interchange of ideas, all of which has been mutually beneficial. 

 Instead of viewing the medical men of the Philippines with sus- 

 picion, their brethren of other countries now meet with' them in full 

 fraternity. The influence that this has had in promoting better 

 understanding and progress can scarcely be estimated. Previous 

 to America's advent in the Orient, fraternizing among the officials 

 in the different countries was scarcely known. Each remained in 

 his own little sphere and much labor and effort were wasted in 

 solving problems which had already been successfully met in other 

 lands. Now there is free interchange of ideas and the knowledge 

 gained in one country is available in a very short time in others. 



The death rate in Manila was reduced from 46.83 in 1904 to 

 23.18 in 1914. This means a saving of over 5,000 lives per annum. 



