STEVENSON— INTERRELATIONS OF FOSSIL FUELS. 13 



genera. Faux-mur and faiix-toit are common. The dip is high 

 and the coal is tender; of that mined at Fiinfkirchen, only one per 

 cent, is lump, pieces as large as a man's head ; 20 per cent, is coarse, 

 20 millimeters or larger, while the remaining 70 per cent, is " dust " ; 

 volatile in this district is about 18, but in the Szabolcs district it is 

 about 23. The coal is black, tender and in great part caking. The 

 gas is low in illuminants. 



The flora of Fiinfkirchen consists of ferns, cycads and lycopods, 

 some of which seem to persist throughout the Lower Lias. Leaf- 

 bearing beds seldom overlie coal seams. 



In the western part of the southern area, that of Neustadt- 

 Torzburg, the coal-bearing Lias rests on crystalline schists and con- 

 sists of brown, argillaceous, micaceous sandstone, which, through 

 increasing content of plant remains, becomes darker and finally 

 passes into carbonaceous shale, containing streaks of coal. The 

 roof is a quartzose sandstone without trace of plants. In the eastern 

 division, the schists are not reached and the coal group, consisting 

 of sandstones, marls and coal seams, rests conformably on lime- 

 stones. There seems to be but one coal seam, one to 2 meters thick, 

 but the region is so broken by folding and faulting that a detailed 

 section cannot be obtained. 



Hantken called attention in the first edition of his work to the 

 presence of roots in the floor of coal in the Steierdorf region ; 

 Zincken,-° soon afterward, noted that near Kola, in the Steierdorf 

 district the same horizon yields abundance of roots in vertical posi- 

 tion. Gothan,-^ having seen the root-bearing underclays associated 

 with Jurassic coal seams on the Yorkshire coast of England, thought 

 wholly probable that similar clays might be present in the Fiinf- 

 kirchen area. His examination was successful though, owing to 

 physical conditions, it covered only a portion of the district. At 

 one locality, he found under coal VII. a characteristic imderclay 

 with irregular branching coaly markings, varying in direction and 



-° C. F. Zincken, " Erganzungen zu die Physiographic der Braunkohle," 

 Leipzig, 1878, p. 159. 



21 W. Gothan, " Untersuchungen iiber die Enstehung der Lias-Stein- 

 kohlenflotze bei Fiinfkirchen (Pecs), Ungarn," Sits. k. preuss. Akad., VIIL, 

 1910, pp. 129-143. 



