656 LUCE— BRIEF HISTORY OF THE 



In 1858, an Englishman, Birch, brought out his " History of An- 

 cient Pottery," which is the first separate handbook to be written in 

 any language, and was for a long time the standard book. A second 

 edition appeared in 1873. In the meantime, largely through the 

 good work of Birch, the English periodical, Archaeologia, the oldest 

 of all archaeological magazines, dating from 1770, began to publish 

 important articles on vases. 



We have now seen the beginnings of the systematic study of the 

 Greek ceramographic art. The three most noteworthy develop- 

 ments to notice now in the modern growth of our knowledge of the 

 subject are: (i) the discovery of the proper chronology of the 

 vases ; (2) the development of the modern illustrated scientific cata- 

 logue; and (3) the tendency towards the production of handbooks 

 on general or special subjects connected with vases. 



After Otto Jahn's catalogue, and until 1885, the interest in the 

 study of vases grew steadily. Many catalogues were written, and 

 many new periodicals started, which devoted much of their space 

 to vases. The general value of archaeology as a science was recog- 

 nized, and archaeological societies began to spring up. 



The Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71 had, among other results, 

 the effect of Germanizing the Instituto di Corrispondenza in Rome. 

 It was one of the prices that Italy had to pay for entering Rome 

 under Victor Emmanuel. And so this institute became generally 

 known as the German Institute, although Monumenti, Aniiali and 

 Bulletino continued to be published in Italian just as before till 1886. 

 In 1874, the Germans established an archaeological school (called 

 Das kaiserlich deutsche archaeologische Institut) in Athens, which 

 began in 1876 the publication of its own Mittheilungen, a quarterly 

 periodical, which contains many articles on vases. 



The year 1879 is a notable one in the history of archaeology, and 

 therefore of vases, for that year saw the birth of the two leading 

 archaeological societies of the present day — the Archaeological In- 

 stitute of America, which was founded by Charles Eliot Norton and 

 others in Boston in that year, and the Society for the Promotion of 

 Hellenic Studies, or the Hellenic Society, which was organized in 

 London at that time. In 1880, this latter society began the publica- 

 tion of its semi-annual Journal of Hellenic Studies (J.H.S.), one of 



