Chapter 13 

 Subclass 2 Zoomastigina Doflein 



THE Zoomastigina lack chromatophores and their body organ- 

 izations vary greatly from a simple to a very complex type. The 

 majority possess a single nucleus which is, as a rule, vesicular in 

 structure. Characteristic organellae such as parabasal body, axo- 

 style, etc., are present in numerous forms and myonemes are found 

 in some species. Nutrition is holozoic or saprozoic (parasitic). Asex- 

 ual reproduction is by longitudinal fission; sexual reproduction is un- 

 known. Encystment occurs commonly. The Zoomastigina are free- 

 living or parasitic in various animals. 



With pseudopodia besides flagella Order 1 Rhizomastigina 



With flagella only 



With 1-2 flagella Order 2 Protomonadina (p. 339) 



With 3-8 flagella Order 3 Polymastigina (p. 369) 



With more than 8 flagella Order 4 Hypermastigina (p. 404) 



Order 1 Rhizomastigina Butschli 



A number of borderline forms between the Sarcodina and the 

 Mastigophora are placed here. Flagella vary in number from one to 

 several and pseudopods also vary greatly in number and in appear- 

 ance. 



With many flagella Family 1 Multiciliidae 



With 1-3 rarely 4 flagella Family 2 Mastigamoebidae 



Family 1 Multiciliidae Poche 



Genus Multicilia Cienkowski. Generally spheroidal, but amoeboid; 

 with 40-50 flagella, long and evenly distributed; one or more nuclei; 

 holozoic; food obtained by means of pseudopodia; multiplication by 

 fission; fresh or salt water. 



M. marina C. (Fig. 135, a). 20-30ju in diameter; uninucleate; salt 

 water. 



M. lacustris Lauterborn (Fig. 135, b). Multinucleate; 30-40/x in 

 diameter; fresh water. 



Family 2 Mastigamoebidae 



With 1-3 or rarely 4 flagella and axo podia or lobo podia; uninucle- 

 ate; flagellum arises from a basal granule which is connected 

 with the nucleus by a rhizoplast; binary fission in both trophic and 

 encysted stages; sexual reproduction has been reported in one spe- 

 cies; holozoic or saprozoic; the majority are free-living, though a few 

 parasitic. 



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