388 PROTOZOOLOGY 



tures of T. hominis. Wenrich (1944) who made comparative studies 

 of human Trichomonas, considers that there exist distinctly recog- 

 nizable morphological differences among the three human species of 

 Trichomonas, as shown in Fig. 164. 



T. macacovaginae Hegner and Ratcliffe. In the vagina of Macacus 

 rhesus. Dobell (1934) held that this is identical with T. vaginalis and 

 T. hominis. 



T. microti Wenrich and Saxe (Fig. 165, a). In the caecum of ro- 

 dents, Microtus pennsylvanicus, Peromyscus leucopus, Rattus nor- 

 vegicus, Mesocricetus auratus; 4-9 m long; four free flagella; a blepha- 

 roplast; undulating membrane medium long; axostyle conspicuous. 



T. gallinae (Rivolta) (T. columbae Rivolta and Delprato) (Fig. 

 165, b-d). Pyriform; 6— 19>u by 2-9m; ovoid nucleus anterior together 

 with a blepharoplast and parabasal body ; axostyle protrudes a little ; 

 cytoplasmic granules; four anterior flagella 8-13/x long; autotomy; 

 in the upper digestive tract of pigeon and also turkey, chicken, and 

 dove. Experimentally it is transferable to quail, bob-white, hawk, 

 canary, etc., and often fatal to hosts. Species (Travis, 1932a). Mor- 

 phology (Stabler, 1941); pathology (Levine and Brandly, 1940); 

 transmission (Levine et al., 1941); distribution (Barnes, 1951; Sta- 

 bler, 1951). 



T. linearis Kirby (Fig. 165, e). Elongate spindle in form; 9-24^ by 

 3-8 n; in the intestine of Orlhognathotermes wheeleri; Panama. Other 

 species in termites (Kirby, 1931). 



T. limacis (Dujardin). In the intestine and liver-tubules of slugs, 

 Deroceras agreste (Dujardin, 1841) and Limax flavus (Kozloff, 1945); 

 subspherical to ellipsoidal; 11-17/x by 8-13m; four anterior flagella; 

 undulating membrane extends to posterior end, with free flagellum 

 (Kozloff). 



Genus Tritrichomonas Kofoid. Similar to Trichomonas in appear- 

 ance, behavior and structure, but with only three anterior flagella; 

 parasitic. Many species. 



T. foetus (Riedmuller) (Fig. 166, a, b). In the genitalia of cattle; 

 pathogenic; 10-15/z long; transmission by sexual act, from cow to 

 bull or bull to cow and also by "natural contamination" (Andrews 

 and Miller, 1936) from cow to cow. Infection brings about perma- 

 nent or temporary suspension of the conception or the death of 

 foetus. Sheep is susceptible (Andrews and Rees, 1936). Morphology 

 (Wenrich and Emmerson, 1933; Morgan and Noland, 1943; Kirby, 

 1951); effect on tissue culture (Hogue, 1938); effect on reproducti- 

 bility of cow (Bartlett, 1947, 1948). 



T. fecalis Cleveland. 5m by 4ju to 12/x by 6m; average dimensions 



