620 PROTOZOOLOGY 



in, and transmitted by, the flies: Lynchia brunea, L. lividicolor, L. 

 capensis, Pseudolynchia maura, and Microlynchia fusilla. Nomencla- 

 ture and relapse (Coatney, 1933). 



H. lophortyx O'Roke. In California valley quail, Gambel quail, 

 and Catalina Island quail (Lophortyx) ; gametocytes in erythrocytes, 

 also occasionally in leucocytes; young gametocytes, spherical to 

 elongate, about 1m long; more developed forms, cylindrical, about 

 8m by 2m, with 2-10 pigment granules; mature gametocytes, halter- 

 shaped, encircling the nucleus of the host erythrocyte, 18m by 1.5- 

 2.5m; numerous pigment granules; 4-8 microgametes, about 13. 5m 

 long, from each microgametocyte; on slide in one instance, gamete- 

 formation, fertilization and ookinete formation, completed in 52 

 minutes at room temperature; in nature sexual reproduction takes 

 place in the fly, Lynchia hirsuta; sporozoites enter salivary glands 

 and fill central tubules; schizonts present in lungs, liver and spleen 

 of quail after infected flies sucked blood from the bird; mero- 

 zoites found in endothelial cells of capillaries of lungs, in epithelial 

 cells of liver and rarely in peripheral blood cells; how merozoites 

 enter blood cells is unknown; schizonts seldom seen in circulating 

 blood; infected birds show pigment deposits in spleen and lungs 

 (O'Roke, 1934). Duration of infection (Herman and Bischoff, 1949). 



H. metchnikovi (Simond). In the Indian river tortoise, Trionyx 

 indicus and the yellow-bellied terrapin, Pseudemys elegans (Hewitt, 

 1940). 



Genus Leucocytozoon Danilewsky. Schizogony in the endothelial 

 cells as well as visceral cells of vertebrates; sexual reproduction in 

 blood-sucking insects; gametocytes in spindle-shaped host cells. 

 Several species (Cerny, 1933; Coatney and Roudabush, 1937). 



L. simondi Mathis and Leger (L. anatis Wickware) (Fig. 267). 

 Mathis and Leger (1910) described this species from the teal duck 

 (Querquedula crecca) in Tonkin, China. Wickware (1915) saw L. 

 anatis in ducks in Canada. O'Roke (1934) carried on experimental 

 studies on the developmental cycle with the form which he found in 

 wild and domestic ducks in Michigan. Herman (1938) observed the 

 organism in common black ducks (Anas rubripes tristis), red-breasted 

 merganser (Mergus serrator), and blue-winged teal (Querquedula 

 discors) and considered L. anatis as identical with L. simondi. Huff 

 (1942) studied the schizogony and gametocytes, and maintained the 

 species he studied in mallard ducks (Anas p. platyrhynchos) and 

 domestic ducks from Wisconsin, to be L. simondi. 



According to O'Roke, the vector is the black fly, Simulium venus- 

 tum, in which the sexual reproduction takes place. Gametocytes de- 



