804 PROTOZOOLOGY 



and physiology (Stolte, 1924) ; macronuclear reorganization (Young, 

 1939); multiconj ligation (Weisz, 1950a); zoopurpurin (Weisz, 1950). 



Genus Protocruzia Faria, da Cunha and Pinto. Peristome does 

 not turn right, leads directly into cytostome; convex left side not 

 ciliated, but bears bristles; flat right side with 3-5 faintly marked 

 ciliary rows; peristome begins at pointed anterior end and extends 

 1/4-1/3 the body length; cyto pharynx (?); macro nucleus simple; 

 contractile vacuole subterminal; salt water. 



P. pigerrima (Cohn) (Fig. 342, j). About 20m (da Cunha); 50- 

 60^ long (Kahl) ; peristome 1/4-1/3 the body length; salt water. 



Genus Phacodinium Prowazek. Oval; marked grooves on body 

 surface; cilia in cirrus-like fused groups; peristome long on left mar- 

 gin; cytostome posterior; contractile vacuole terminal; macronu- 

 cleus horseshoe-shape; 5-9 micronuclei; fresh water. One species. 



P. mctschnicoffi, (Certes) (Fig. 342, k). About 100m long. 



Genus Pseudoblepharisma Kahl. Body form intermediate be- 

 tween Spirostomum and Blepharisma; right peristomal edge with 2 

 rows of cilia; fresh water. 



P. tenuis K. (Fig. 343, h). 100-200m long. 



Genus Parablepharisma Kahl. Similar to Blepharisma; but peri- 

 stome-bearing anterior half narrowed neck-like and pointed; ecto- 

 plasm covered with gelatinous layer in which symbiotic bacteria are 

 imbedded ; salt water. 



P. pellitum K. (Fig. 343, i). 120-180m long. 



Genus Nyctotherus Leidy. Oval or reniform; compressed; peri- 

 stome begins at anterior end, turns slightly to right and ends in 

 cytostome located midway between the ends; cyto pharynx runs 

 dorsally and posteriorly, a long tube with undulating membrane; 

 ciliary rows longitudinal and close-set; massive macronucleus in 

 anterior half with a micronucleus ; in some, nuclei are suspended 

 by a karyophore; endoplasm with discoid glycogen bodies, especially 

 in anterior region, hence yellowish to brown; contractile vacuole 

 and cytopyge terminal; in the colon of Amphibia and various 

 invertebrates. Numerous species (Geiman and Wichterman, 1937; 

 Wichterman, 1938; Carini, 1938-1945). 



N. ovalis L. (Figs. 3; 344, a, b). Ovoid; anterior half compressed; 

 macronucleus elongate, at right angles to dorso-ventral axis at 

 anterior 1/3; micronucleus in front of macronucleus; distinct karyo- 

 phore; glycogen bodies; 90-185m by 62-95m; giant forms up to 360m 

 by 240m; cysts 72-106m by 58-80m; in the colon of cockroaches. The 

 chromatin spherules of the macronucleus are often very large (p. 42). 

 Fibrillar structure (ten Kate, 1927); nuclei (Kudo, 1936). 



