PLATE III 



(a) A typical stretch of high arctic dry tundra, inhabited by reindeer, arctic fox, 

 etc. (The photograph was taken in August, 1924, by Dr. K. S. Sandford, 

 on. Reindeer Peninsula, North Spitsbergen.) 



{/>) Drifting pack-ice near North-East Land (Spitsbergen Archipelago), with the 

 bearded seal {Erignathus barbatus) lying on a fioe. (Photographed .by 

 Mr. J. D. Brown, July, 1923.) 



