PLATE VII 



{a) A guillemot cliff in Spitsbergen. The black streaks represent small flocks of 

 guillemots flying away from their nesting places, disturbed by a gunshot. 

 Each streak represents from ten to thirty birds. (Photographed by Dr. 

 K. S. Sandford, 192^). 



(d) Adelie penguin rookery on Macquarie Ibland. Amongst the penguins can be 

 seen small areas of tussock grass and rock. (From Sir Douglas Mawson, 

 The Home of the Blizzard, by permission.) 



