2 THE SKATE 



Draw on one side of the paper. First determine how large the 

 drawing is to be, then select a suitable space on the page. Rule 

 this space with very light vertical and horizontal guide lines of a 

 proper size so that the drawing may be made symmetrical. With 

 the ruler reduce or enlarge the length and width of the object so 

 that it will fit the space selected. With very light lines make an 

 outline of the object; measure with the ruler to determine the loca- 

 tion, using the proportion established above. When the light lines 

 are in good proportions and the details are as nearly like the object 

 as you can get them, erase the light lines until you can barely see 

 them; then go over them making the final lines, firm, continuous and 

 clear. Every line on the drawing should represent a structure present 

 on the object. 



Label the drawings fully. Number each plate and figure. In 

 labelling the figures draw a straight line parallel to the top of the 

 sheet, out from the structure to be labelled and then write or print 

 the label on this line. Label all structures, even those labelled in pre- 

 vious drawings. 



3. Dissecting. 



Dissection consists in separating the parts of an animal 

 in such a way as to make them visible. It does not refer 

 to the cutting of animals into pieces. The parts should be 

 left as intact as possible. Follow the directions and do not 

 cut anything or remove anything unless specifically di- 

 rected to do so. Clean away the connective tissue binding 

 and concealing the parts by use of blunt instruments such 

 as the probe or forceps, or by the fingers. Avoid use of the 

 scalpel and scissors; when using these instruments, make 

 short cuts and remove small portions at a time. Do not 

 cut the animal unnecessarily, but separate the parts. Im- 

 proper initial dissection will render the study of the later 

 parts very difficult. 



4. Care of Specimens. 



Each student will be furnished with the necessary speci- 

 mens. Do not discard any animal until directed to do so. 

 The specimens will be kept in a common container. A num- 



