THE SKATE 



(Raja erinacea Mitcliill) 



CHAPTER I 



GENERAL DIRECTIONS 



1. Supplies. 



These dissecting instruments and drawing materials are 

 necessary for the course: scalpel, fine scissors, stout and 

 slender probes, forceps with straight points, drawing paper, 

 eraser, hard drawing pencil, ruler, cheese cloth and a towel. 

 A laboratory coat or rubber apron is desirable for the pro- 

 tection of the clothing. 



2. Drawings. 



Make all drawings on drawing paper with a hard pencil. 

 Draw from the actual material unless the directions state 

 otherwise. Do not make rough sketches to be completed 

 later but do all the drawing work in the laboratory. 



Drawings should be large and should show all structures 

 pointed out in the outline. They must be accurate, in cor- 

 rect proportion (use a ruler), and resemble the actual speci- 

 men as nearly as possible. They should be dated and have 

 the student's name in the upper right-hand corner. 



By following the procedure given below anyone can make 



the simple line drawings which are desired in this course. 



Good results in this mechanical line work can be secured 



by inexperienced students. 



1 



