56 



INDEX 



Pulp cavity, 9, 10 

 Pupil, 40 

 Pylorus, 16 



Rajidae, 4 



Rectal gland, 16 



Reproductive system, female, 20 



male, 22 

 Respiratory system, 11 

 Retina, 39 



Rhombencephalon, 42 

 Rib, 49 

 Rostrum, 8, 51 



Sacculus, 41 



Scale, 9 



Scapular processes, 51 



Sclera, 39 



Semicircular ducts, 41 



Semi-lunar valves, 32 



Seminal vesicle, 23 



Sense organs, 37 



Sex differences, 19 



Sino-auricular, aperture, 32 



valves, 32 

 Sinus venosus, 25 

 Sinuses, 26, 27, 28 

 Skates, 4 

 Skeletal system, 48, 49, 50 



girdles, 49, 50 



skull, 51 



visceral skeleton, 51 

 Skin, 9 

 Skull, 51 



Species of skates, 4 

 Sperm sac, 23 

 Spinal cord, 46 

 Spinal nerves, 49 

 Spines, 9 

 Spiracle, 12 

 Spiral valve, 16, 17 

 Spleen, 18 

 Stomach, 16 

 Stomach contents, 17 

 Supplies, 1 

 Surfaces of body, 6 



dorsal, 6 



lateral, 6 



ventral, 6 

 Symmetry, 7 



Tail, 9 

 Teeth, 12 

 Telencephalon, 43 

 Testes, 22 



Thalamencephalon, 43 

 Thyroid, 16, 33 

 Torpedinidae, 5 

 Torpedo, 5 



Transverse processes, 49 

 Transverse septum, 24 

 Trunk, 8 



Urinary, sinus, 21 



vesicle, 21 

 Urinogenital system, 19 

 Urogenital, opening, 21 



papilla, 23 

 Urogenital system, 19 



female, 20 



male, 22, 23 

 Uterus, 22 

 Utriculus, 41 



Valve, auriculo-ventricular, 32 



semi-lunar, 32 



sino-auricular, 32 



spiral, 16, 17 

 Vasa efferentia, 22 

 Veins, anterior cardinal, 28 



anterior mesenteric, 30 



brachial, 29 



caudal, 29 



common cardinal, 27 



duct of Cuvier, 27 



gastric, 30 



genital sinus, 28 



hepatic portal, 29 



hepatic sinus, 28 



iliac, 29 



inferior jugular, 28 



lateral abdominal, 29 



lienomesenteric, 30. 



median sinus, 28 



pancreatico-mesenteric, 30 



parietal, 20 



posterior cardinal. 28 



posterior gastric, 30 



posterior mesenteric, 30 



renal portal, 29 



splenic, 30 



