xvi Contents 



Scavengers 201 



Length of Life of Fishes 201 



Problems of Measuring Natural Mortality 202 



Fishing Mortality, Natural Mortality and Recruitment 207 



Restrictions and Mortality 208 



Size Limits 208 



Creel Limits 209 



Closed Seasons 209 



Literature 210 



Chapter 8. Fish Behavior and Angling 212 



Vision 213 



Color Vision 213 



Underwater Vision 214 



Changing Pigmentation 216 



Direct Observation and Sun Orientation 217 



Light Sensitivity 217 



Hearing 218 



Sound Location 218 



Sound Production 219 



Odor Perception and Taste 219 



Location of Taste Organs 220 



Some Uses of Odor Perception ' 221 



Schoohng 221 



Fright Reaction 221 



Identification of Common and Uncommon Odors 222 



Odor as an Aid in Migration 222 



Odor as an Aid in Homing 224 



Temperature Perception and Responses 224 



Sensitivity to Temperature Change 225 



Mortalities Caused by High Temperatures 225 



Temperature Acclimation 226 



Preferred Temperatures 227 



Behavior Patterns 229 



Some Types of Behavior Patterns 229 



Social Groupings 229 



Seasonal Rhythm 230 



Daily Activity 231 



Responses to Specific Stimuli 232 



Hyperactivity as a Lethal Factor 233 



"Stay at Home" Fish 233 



Homing and Home Range 234 



