Fishes of the Western North Atlantic 41 



Gill, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., Addend., 1861 : 63 (Polar regions to Cape Cod) ; Steenstrup, Overs, 

 danske Vidensk.-Selsk. Forh. (1863), 1864: 233 (eggs); Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., 8, 1870: 511 

 (descr., coasts of Europe and N. ."Xmer.) ; Gill, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. (1871-72), 1873: 814 (listed 

 Greenland, Polar regions to Cape Cod, Mass.) ; Putnam, Proc. Boston Soc. nat. Hist., 1873: 135 (dimens. 

 and no. of teeth of Grand Manan specimens); Collett, Vidensk.-Selsk. Forh. Christiania, 1874; also 

 Norges Fisk., 1 875 : 220 (habits, distrib., depth, Norway) ; Liitken, Cat. Fish. Greenl., in Manual Instr. for 

 Arctic Exped. by T. R. Jones, Manual Nat. Hist. Geol. Greenl., 1775: 122 (Greenland, by ref. to Fab- 

 ricius. Fauna Groenl., 1780); Gervals and Boulart, Poiss., 5, 1877: 258, pi. 100 (descr., ill., England to 

 Scandinavia); Malm, Gciteborgs och Bohuslans Fauna, 1877: 637 (habits, food, west. Sweden); Goode 

 and Bean, Bull. Essex Inst. Salem, 11, 1879: 31 (occur., depth, off Massachusetts); Winther, Prod. 

 Ichthyol. Dan. Mar. in Natur. Tidsskr. Copenhagen, (3) 12, 1879: 62 (Skagerrak, north. Kattegat, not in 

 Baltic); Day, Fish. Gt. Brit., 2, 1880-1884: 364, pi. 179 (refs., descr., ill., habits, Gt. Brit.); Buck- 

 land, Nat. Hist. Brit. Fish., 1881: 145 (ill.); Mela, Vert. Fennica, 1882: 372, pi. 10 (not seen) ; Jordan 

 and Gilbert, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 16, 1883: 5 (descr., Europe and America) ; Storm, K. norske Vidensk.- 

 Selsk. Skr., Trondh., 1883:48 (Trondh. Fjord); Bean, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. (1882), 1884: 344 (off 

 Woods Hole); Goode, Fish. Fish. Industr. U.S., Section 1, 1884: 681, pi. 252 (Atlant. coast, U.S.); 

 Lilljeborg, Sverig. Norg. Fisk., j, 1884: 730 (descr., anat., habits, refs., distrib., Sweden, Norway); 

 Kingsley, Stand. Nat. Hist., 5, 1885: 67 (habits, Eastport, Maine and Grand Manan); Mcintosh, 3rd 

 Annu. Rep. Fish. Bd. Scotland, App. F, 1885: 66, 204 (Scotland, not seen) ; Honeyman, Proc. N.S. Inst. 

 Sci., <S (1), 1886: 230 (off Nova Scotia) ; Cunningham, Quart. J. micr. Sci., N.S. 27, 1887: 49, pi. 6, 7 

 (habits in aquarium, breathing, reprod. organs, abund., Scotland) ; Jordan, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. 

 (1885), 1887: 791 (in N. Amer. list); Nansen, Bergens Mus. Aarb. (1887), 7, 1888: 5-34, 

 pi. I, 2 (sex organs, abund. near Bergen, Norway); Vaillant, Exped. Sci. "Travailleur" et "Talis- 

 man," Poiss., 1888: 384 (off Portugal, 460 meters); Beard, Rep. Brit. Ass. Adv. Sci. (1892), Edin- 

 burgh, 1893: 789 (Scotland); Goode and Bean, Smithson. Contr. Knowl., 50, 1895; Spec. Bull. 

 U.S. nat. Mus., 1895; Mem. Harv. Mus. comp. ZooL, 22, 1896: 3, pi. i, fig. i (descr., ill., loc, 

 depth. Grand Banks, off south. New England and off N. Carolina) ; Smitt, Hist. Scand. Fish., 2nd 

 Ed., 2, 1895: 1208, pi. 53, fig. 5 (refs., descr., habits, breeding, distr., Scandinavia); Jordan and 

 Evermann, Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. (1895), 1896: 211 (Amer. coast south to Delaware); Bull. U.S. 

 nat. Mus., 47 (i), 1896: 7 (descr., Amer. coast south to Cape Cod); Smith and Kendall, Rep. U.S. 

 Comm. Fish. (1896), 1898: 169 (off Delaware, Lat. 39° N., Long. 72° W., 75 fath.) ; de Braganza, 

 Result. Invest. Sci. "Amelia," 1899: 41 (off Portugal, not seen); Garman, Mem. Harv. Mus. comp. 

 ZooL, 24, 1899: 342, 348, pi. 68, fig. 5 (compar. with other species, rep. on specimens in Mus. Comp. 

 Zool. Coll., labelled "Trieste"); Dean, Mem. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 2 (2), 1900: 34, pi. 2 (descr. and ill. 

 of eggs, taken off south. Newfoundland and Georges Bank, 103 and 150 fath., discus.); Hjort, Rep. 

 Norweg. Fish. Invest., i (1), 1900: 75 (eggs taken in shrimp trawl, Norway, depth and type of bottom; 

 also young) ; Jensen, Vidensk. Medd. Dansk Naturhist. Foren., Copenhagen, 1900: I, pi. I (descr., ill. of 

 eggs, off the Faroes) ; Bridge, Camb. Nat. Hist., 7, 1904: 422 (descr., habits, abund. in North Sea, species 

 of fish preyed on) ; Werner, Zool. Jb., Syst. Abt. i, 2/, 1904: 266 (Norway) ; Jordan, Guide to Study 

 Fish., /, 1905: 490 (north. Europe) ; Fowler, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., ^g, 1908: 461 (old record off 

 Delaware and Bar Harbor, Maine) ; Kendall, Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. nat. Hist., <? (7), 1908: I (off Maine 

 and N. Hampshire); Fowler, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 6^, 191 1: 5 (old record off Delaware); 

 Seabra, Bull. Soc. portug. Sci. nat., 5, igii: 205 (old record off Portugal); Regan, Ann. Mag. nat. 

 Hist., (8) It, 1913: 397 (class., descr., Gt. Brit., Norway); Sumner, Osburn and Cole, Bull. 

 U.S. Bur. Fish., 31 (2), 1913: 734 (off Cape Cod); Conel, J. Morph., 2^, 1917: 78, 12 pis. 

 (urogenital syst., size up to 790 mm., off coast of Maine) ; Roule, Res. Camp. sci. Monaco, 52, 1919: 129 

 (off Morocco, just inside Strait of Gibraltar) ; Bigelow and Welsh, Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish., 40 (1), 1925: 

 16 (descr., ill., habits, occur, in Gulf of Maine); Jensen, Rapp. Cons, explor. Mer, jp, 1926: 98; 

 Koefoed, Rep. Sars N. Atlantic Deep Sea Exped., Zool., 4 (l), 1927: 18 (eggs trawled, off Morocco, 

 outside Strait of Gibraltar, 535 meters); Nichols and Breder, Zoologica, 9, 1927: 9 (habits, off Cape 

 Cod); Palingren, Acta zool., 8, 1927: 135 (exper. with pressure on Myxine in aquarium, Drobak, 

 Norway); Schnakenbeck, in Grimpe and Wagler, Tierwelt N- u. Ostsee, Lief 7, Pt. 12"*, 1927: 3 



