202 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



9b. Anterior nasal flaps fall considerably short of mouth; a 

 posterior nasal flap is also present in most cases. 

 1 1 a. Interspace between anal and caudal at least as long 

 as base of anal; base of anal not more than twice as 

 long as base of 2nd dorsal; folds below eyes strongly 

 developed; mucous pores on snout not conspicuous. 

 Halaelurus Gill, 1862. 

 South Africa; tropical In- 

 dian Ocean and Arabian 

 Gulf; India; Australasia; 

 Philippines, China, Formosa, 

 Japan; Chile and Patagonia; 

 Argentina. 

 lib. Interspace between anal and caudal less than V5 as 

 long as base of anal ; base of anal more than twice as 

 long as base of 2nd dorsal; no fold below eye; mu- 

 cous pore system on lower surface of snout very con- 

 spicuous. Afristurus Garman, 1 9 1 3, p. 2 1 9. 



Genus Scyliorhinus Blainville, 1 8 1 6 



Scyliorhinus Blainville, Bull. Sec. philom. Paris, 18 16: 121; type species, S. caniculus Blainville,^" equals 

 Sgualus ctmicu/us hinnAeus, 1758. 



Generic Synonyms:"" 



Calulus Valmont, Diet. Hist. Nat. Paris, 4, 1768:^' 51 ; type species, C. major vulgaris Valmont, equals Squalus 



caniculus Linnaeus, 1758; Andrew Smith, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond., 1838: 85 (in part). 

 Galeus (in part) Rafinesque, Indice Ittiol. Sicil., 1810:46; for G. caniculus Rafinesque, equals Squalus caniculus 



Linnaeus, 1758. 

 Scyllium Cuvier, Regne Anim., 2, 1817: 124; type species, Squalus caniculus Linnaeus, 1758, designated by 



Jordan, Genera Fish., /, 1 91 7: 97. 

 Scylliorhinus Blainville, in VieiUot, Faune Franc, Poiss., 1825: 68; substitute for Scyliorhinus Blainville, 



1816. 

 Poroderma A. Smith, Proc. zool. Soc. Lend., 1837: 85 ; type species, P. africanum Smith, equals Squalus ofri- 



canus Gmelin, 1 789. South Africa. 

 Halaelurus Tzmki, Fish. Japan, i, 1911: 13, pi. 3, fig. 12; for H. r«<2f«Tanaka; not Halaelurus Gill, 1862. 



Generic Characters. Two dorsal fins; origin of ist dorsal over or slightly anterior 

 to rear ends of bases of pel vies; denticles along dorsal margin of caudal similar to those 

 lower down, not forming a distinct crest; nasal barbels rudimentary or wholly lacking; 



25. While Blainville gave no authorship for this or for any of the several other included species, his subsequent 

 diagnosis (in Vieillot, Faune Franc, 1825: 71) of canicula showed that it referred to Squalus caniculus Lin- 

 naeus, 1758, which was later designated as type of the genus by Gill (Ann. N.Y. Lye, 7, 1862: 407). 



26. For list of fossil genera perhaps synonymous with Scyliorhinus, see Fowler (Bull, U.S. nat. Mus., joo [/j], 

 1941: 34). 



27. Preoccupied (Kniphof, 1759) for insects and not available even otherwise for sharks; Valmont's names, when 

 binomial, were so only accidentally (see ruling by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 

 Smithson. misc. Coll., 73 [3], 1925: 27) ; the name, as a shark, must therefore date from Andrew Smith, 1837. 



