Fishes of the Western North Atlantic 221 



species of Afristurus'^ gives any Information as to its gill openings, i.e., there is no way of 

 knowing to which subdivision of the old genus Afristurus it belongs; nor are the specimens 

 available for study at present, being presumably in Berlin. Therefore, it seems wiser to 

 use Afristurus in the more inclusive sense for the time being/ Neither can a dependable 

 Key to Species be constructed for the genus as a whole until more complete information is 

 available in other respects regarding indicus Brauer, also one of the two supposedly distinct 

 species that have been named from Japan," and sibogae Weber" from the East Indies." 



Key to Atlantic and South African Species 



I a. Distance between ist and 2nd dorsal fins as great as from tip of snout to spiracle. 



saldanha Barnard, 1925. 

 South Africa. 

 lb. Distance between ist and 2nd dorsal fins at least no greater than from tip of snout 

 to eye. 



2a. Interspace between ist and 2nd dorsals less than ^/^ as long as from tip of snout 

 to eye; eye minute, its diameter only about y\ \ as long as from tip of snout to 5th 

 gill opening. wicro^j Gilchrist, 1922. 



South Africa. 

 2b. Interspace between ist and 2nd dorsals nearly or quite as long as from tip of snout 

 to eye; eye larger, its diameter at least % as long as head to 5th gill slit. 

 3a. Second dorsal about twice as large in area as ist; ist to 3rd gill openings 

 nearly as long as distance between nostrils. 



riveri Bigelow and Schroeder, 1944, p. 225. 

 3b. Second dorsal little if any larger in area than 1st; ist to 3rd gill openings 

 only about V2 as long as distance between nostrils. 



4a. Horizontal diameter of eye slightly longer than distance between nos- 

 trils; rear ends of bases of pelvics slightly nearer to tip of snout than to 

 tip of caudal; caudal about Vs of total length, atlanticus Koefoed, 1932. 



Eastern North Atlantic. 



4b. Horizontal diameter of eye only about % as long as distance between 

 nostrils; rear ends of bases of pelvics nearer to tip of caudal than to tip 

 of snout; caudal only about ^/4 of total length. 



frojundorum^^ Goode and Bean, 1895, p. 222. 



6. indicus Brauer, Wiss. Ergebn. 'Valdivia,' 1$, 1908: 8, pi. 14., fig. i. 



7. For further discussion, see Bigelow and Schroeder (Proc. New Engl. zool. CI., 35, 1944; ^O- 

 X. macrorhynchus Tanaka, J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, 27, 1909; i. 



9. Siboga Exped., 57, 1913: 595. 



10. For comparable illustrations of spongicefs Gilbert, 1905, from the Hawaiian Islands, vervieyi Fowler, 1934. 

 from Borneo, herklotsi Fowler, 1934, of the Philippines, and flatyrkynchus Tanaka, 1909, from Japan, see 

 Fowler (Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 100 [z^], 1941: Si-SSt Sj)- 



11. Including /aurui^omi, Saemundsson, 1922, Iceland. 



