1 62 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



other named species, cflWa/wj Phillipps (1932) znd greyi Whitley (1937). However, it is 

 doubtful whether either of these last two is actually separable from vtdf'mus. The char- 

 acters which are supposed to distinguish caudatus^ are: tail no longer than trunk, caudal 

 peduncle up to one-half as deep as trunk at first dorsal and the anterior margin of pectoral 

 straight instead of convex. But the first two of these characters apply equally to some 

 Atlantic specimens (see p. 171), perhaps leaving only the shape of the pectoral as diag- 

 nostic. The only characters supposedly diagnostic of greyi are eyes "modified for back- 

 ward vision, are situated much further forward" and greenish color." Its author has in 

 fact suggested recently that greyi may be merely a color variety of caudatus.^ Until Aus- 

 tralasian specimens are actually compared with those of the eastern Pacific and Atlantic, 

 the question whether or not they are specifically distinct must remain open. 



The second group, in which the rear tip of the first dorsal reaches as far back as the 

 origins of the pelvics, or even overlaps the latter, includes two well marked species, super- 

 ciliosus Lowe, 1840, of the tropical Atlantic and -profundus Nakamura, 1935, so far 

 reported only from Formosa. These two differ further from the vulpinus group in the 

 enormous size of their eyes (cf. Fig. 25 with 27) ; this is, in fact, their most arresting fea- 

 ture apart from their elongate tails. 



Key to Species 



I a. Rear tip of ist dorsal terminates considerably anterior to origin of pelvics. 



2a. Teeth with central cusp strongly oblique, the outer margins with i or 2 denticles. 



/)<?/fl^/V«j Nakamura, 1935. 

 Formosa. 

 2b. Teeth with central cusp erect or only slightly oblique 5 no marginal denticles. 

 3a. Anterior margin of pectoral convex. vulpinus 'Qonnzttrvt^ 1788, p. 167. 

 3b. Anterior margin of pectoral nearly straight. caWa/wj Phillipps, 1932.' 



New Zealand, Australia. 

 lb. Rear tip of ist dorsal extends at least as far as origin of pelvics, or even overlaps 

 the latter. 



4a. Rear tip of 2nd dorsal terminates considerably anterior to origin of analj pelvics 

 a little higher vertically than ist dorsal and a little larger in area} anterior mar- 

 gin of 1st dorsal strongly convex j no lower precaudal pit. 



superciliosus Lowe, 1840, p. 163. 

 4b. Rear tip of 2nd dorsal terminating over base of anal; pelvics less than ^^ as high 

 vertically as ist dorsal and much smaller in area; anterior margin of ist dorsal 

 only very weakly convex; a precaudal pit below as well as above. 



profundus Nakamura (1935). 

 Formosa. 



5. Phillipps, N. Z. J. Sci. Tech., /j, 1932: 226. 6. Whitley, Rec. Aust. Mus., 20, 1937: 5. 



7. Whitley, Fish. Aust., i, 1940: 132 8. Including greyi Whitley, 1937. 



