378 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



Squalus milberti Bonaparte, Cat. Pesc. Europ., 1846: 18 (incl. in list) ; Nardo, Pesc. Publ. com. Nuov. Venez., 



1853: 15 (brief diagn., in lagoons and canals, Venice); Ninni, Ann. Soc. Nat. Modena, 5, 1870: 66 



(nominal, Medit. near Naples). 

 Prionodon milberti Canestrini, in Cornalia, et at.. Fauna d'ltal., 1872: 48 (descr., ref., Adriatic); Doder- 



lein, Prosp. Metod. Pesc. Sicil., 7; Atti Acad. Palermo, N. S. 6, 1878-1879: 30 (in Adriatic list); 



Graeffe, Arb. zool. Inst. Univ. Wien, 28, 1886: 446 (Medit.). 

 Carcharias caecchia Ninni, Revist. Critica Pesc. Adriat. descr. St. Chiereghin, 1872: 6—7 (name, Adriatic, 



not seen). 

 Carcharias (Prionodon) milberti Doderlein, Man. Ittiol. Medit., 2, 1 881: 44 (descr., refs., Medit.);'"' 



Bellotti, Atti Soc. ital. Sci. nat., 55, 1891: 112 (discuss.). 

 Carcharias milberti Moreau, Hist. Nat. Poiss. France, /, 1881 : 335 (ref., Medit.) ; Perugia, Elenc. Pesc. Adriat., 



1881: 52 (in list); Carus, Prod. Faune Medit., 3, J889-1893: 512 (Iocs., Medit.); Moreau, Poiss. 



France, Suppl., 1 891 : 2 (descr. of types from N. York, and meas. Medit. embryo, but ill. of teeth of some 



other species, if correctly drawn); Sicher, Atti Accad. gioenia, (4) ti (5), 1898: 14 (Medit.); 



Pietschmann, Ann. naturh. (Mus.) Hofmus. Wien, 2t, 1906: 133 (descr., discuss., south. Medit.). 

 Prionace milberti Roule, Bull. Inst. Oceanogr. Monaco, 243, 1912: 7 (nominal, C. Verde). 

 Carcharhinus milberti Rey, Fauna Iberica Peces, r, 1928: 346 (descr., S. coast of Spain) ; Bellon and Mateu, 



Notas Inst. esp. Oceanogr., (2) ^^, 1931: 15 (nominal, Canaries); Borri, Mem. Soc. tosc. Sci. nat., 44, 



1934: 88 (Medit.). 

 Carcharhinus -plumbeus Tortonese, Atti Soc. ital. Sci. nat., yj, 1938: 299 (discuss, specs, from Medit.). 



Carcharhinus nicaraguensis (Gill and Bransford), 1877 



Lake Nicaragua Shark 



Figure 70 



Study Material. Immature male, about 1,511 mm. long, from San Carlos, Lake 

 Nicaragua, caught by Maj. C. M. Duke, U.S.A. (Harv. Mus. Comp. Zool., No. 35896) } 

 photographs of two females, fresh-caught, by President Don Anastasio Somoza of Nicara- 

 gua and Capt.W. B. Bunker 5 three males of about 1,330 mm., 1,568 mm. and 1,710 mm., 

 from Lake Nicaragua (U.S. Nat. Mus., No. 1 20371, 120372, 120373). 



Distinctive Characters. Nicaraguensis very closely resembles leucas, of which it is a 

 landlocked representative, but is perhaps separable from leucas by the following charac- 

 ters. The anterior margin of the eye is posterior to the front of the mouth by a distance 

 equal to half its own diameter in nicaraguensis (a little anterior to front of mouth in 

 leucas) ; the gill openings are relatively somewhat longer in nicaraguensis, the third being 

 nearly % as long as the distance between the nostrils (in leucas the third is a little less than 

 half that long) ; the free tip of the second dorsal is about two-thirds as long as its base in 

 nicaraguensis (only about half that long in leucas). 



Description. Proportional dimensions in per cent of total length. Male, 1,511 mm., 

 from Lake Nicaragua (Harv. Mus. Comp. Zool., No. 35896). Male, 1,568 mm., from 

 Lake Nicaragua (U.S. Nat. Mus., No. 120372). 



Trunk at origin of -pectoral: breadth 14.0, 15.3; height 14.O, 15.3. 

 Snout length in front of: outer nostrils 2.3, 3.1 ; mouth 6.0, 6.9. 

 Eye: horizontal diameter i.i, i.o. 



105. See Doderlein for additional Mediterranean citations in publications not accessible to us. 



