358 Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research 



toward tip but weakly concave toward base, the outer margins moderately concave (most 

 so toward base), the outermost 3 or 4 teeth being definitely notched outwardly; both 

 margins strongly and evenly serrate from base nearly to tip; lower teeth erect on broad 

 bases with lanceolate cusps narrowing rather abruptly toward the tip, the apical part of 

 cusps very finely serrate but bases smooth except toward corners of mouth, where occa- 

 sional teeth show more or less serration along the basal expansions as well as on the cusp ; 

 I or 2 minute teeth at symphysis in upper jaw, i in lower; outermost teeth in each jaw 

 very small. 



First dorsal noticeably large, its vertical height a little more than ^2 as great as dis- 

 tance from tip of snout to 5th gill opening, its origin opposite inner corner of pectoral in 

 embryo but slightly posterior to it in adult specimens, its anterior margin weakly convex 

 in adult but strongly so in embiyo, its apex very broadly rounded, its posterior margin 

 convex near apex but deeply concave toward base (much more so in young specimens), its 

 free rear corner about V3 as long as the base, the midpoint of its base considerably nearer 

 to axil of pectoral than to origin of pelvics. Second dorsal about Vs as long at base as ist and 

 slightly less than V3 as high, but with rear corner much more elongate, relatively, and a 

 little longer than the base, its origin over or slightly before origin of anal. Caudal a little 

 less than Vs (28%) of total length, its terminal sector about V4 the length of fin, moder- 

 ately slender, the tip rounded in embryo but subacute in adult, the lower lobe (expanded 

 lower anterior corner) nearly or quite V2 as long as upper (relatively somewhat shorter 

 in embryo), its tip very broadly rounded in embryo but altering to subacute with growth, 

 its posterior margin evenly convex, the re-entrant corner (included between the 2 lobes) 

 narrowly rounded in adult but broadly so in embryo. Distance from lower precaudal pit 

 to tip of anal only about V4 as long as base of anal. Anal about as long at base as 2nd dorsal, 

 with broadly rounded apex, but about i .3 times as high vertically, and with much more 

 deeply incised rear outline, its free rear tip about as long as its base. Distance from origin 

 of anal to tips of pelvics only about as long as base of anal. Pelvics about as long as anal 

 along anterior margins. Pectoral as long as, or a little longer than, head, or slightly less 

 than ^/4 the total length,°° about 2.3 times as long as broad, its anterior margin moderately 

 convex (increasingly so toward tip) in adult and very strongly so in embryo, its distal 

 margin moderately and increasingly concave toward inner corner, the inner corner moder- 

 ately rounded, the tip similarly rounded in adult, but much more broadly so in embryo. 



Color. Varying from light gray or pale brown to slaty-blue above and yellowish or 

 dirty white below. In the two fresh adults we have seen, the pelvics and the lower surfaces 

 of the pectorals were spotted with gray, the tips of the dorsals being grayish white and 

 similarly spotted. But in some cases these fins, as well as the caudal lobes and the pectorals, 



56. Pectoral a little longer relatively in one of the two adults measured and a little shorter in the other. Among 

 seven embryos (five of them from one brood), the ratio of length of pectoral to length of head (snout to pec- 

 toral origin) is i :i.2 at 395 mm. (male) ; i :i at 460 mm. (male) ; and from about i :o.9 to about 1:1 in 5 

 females of 555 to 580 mm.; this range of variation shows a small increase in the relative length of the fin with 

 growth. In a Mediterranean embryo of 410 mm., reported by Moreau (Poiss. France, Suppl., 1891: 7), the 

 ratio was about i :i.5. 



